Young Children Anxiety Research, Status And Temperament, Family Environment

One of common emotional disorder problems of children is anxiety, which is defined as an unpleasant experience about external events and internal thoughts and feelings. Proper and specific-to-situation anxiety is a normal reaction, but over-anxiety and generalized anxiety is a pathology or an abnormal state, which influences children's intellect, emotion, social development and every day life. After reviewing research in recent years, the most important conclusion may be that: anxiety disorder of children is the result of the external environmental factors and internal factors. In the past a long time, the research on explicit children's behavioral problems (such as attacks, acts of sabotage) was more attention and the study of the implicit psychological problems (such as anxiety) was less. Further analysis was focused on the limitations existing in the prior research. On the basis of this, the related study was conducted to investigate pre-school children's anxiety. From two points of the children's temperament (internal factors) and family environment (external factors), after investigating the relationship between temperament and anxiety, family environment and anxiety, to reveal interaction of internal and external factors and their mechanisms in pre-school children and find protective factors and vulnerability factors, the relationship between interaction of the temperament and family environment and anxiety was analyzed. Based on these findings, the counseling strategies to improve the anxiety children are proposed.In study 1, the developmental characteristics of children's anxiety were investigated by questionnaire survey (Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale). In study 2, the relations between anxiety and the children's temperament were investigated by Parent Temperament Questionnaire survey. In study 3, the relations between anxiety and the family environment were investigated by questionnaire survey (FES-CV). In study 4, the relations between anxiety and the interaction of temperament and the family environment were investigated.The main findings in the above four studies are as follows:1. Children's anxiety gradually decreases with age. Children's anxiety in taipans is significantly lower than those in bottom-class and mid-class. In anxiety symptoms, only fear of physical injury is different with age. Children's fear of physical injury in taipans is significantly lower than those in mid-class.2. Fear of physical injury of girls are significantly higher than those of boys, children's anxiety and other symptoms do not have significant gender differences.3. The highest anxiety level of children is fear of physical injury, and follows separation anxiety; the lower are social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder, the lowest is generalized anxiety.4. Temperament is closely related to anxiety and other symptoms except obsessive-compulsive disorder. The correlation analysis find that Rhythmicity, Withdrawal and Adaptability have negative correlations with children's anxiety, but Intensity of Reaction has positive correlations with children's anxiety.5. Family environment is closely related to anxiety and all anxiety symptoms. The correlation analysis find that Cohesion has negative correlations with children's anxiety, but Conflict, Achievement Orientation and Control have positive correlations with children's anxiety.6. Children's anxiety does not have temperament type differences, but social phobia has significant differences, and difficult type is significantly higher than the easy type and the middle type.7.Children's anxiety, separation anxiety, fear of physical injury and obsessive-compulsive disorder have significantly family environment type differences, and poorer family environment is significantly higher than good family environment and general family environment.8. In the low Cohesion family, the lower children's Adaptability and Withdrawal is, the most the children's anxiety disorders, but the higher children's Adaptability and Withdrawal is, the less the children's anxiety disorders. In the high Cohesion family, the children's anxiety disorders of three Adaptability types and three Withdrawal types are not different.