Research On Intergenerational Income Mobility From The Perspective Of Family Income Inequality

With the rapid economic development after the reform and opening up,the issue of income inequality has become a major issue in my country’s social development,and it has also become a hot topic for scholars.The study of income inequality includes two dimensions: horizontal and vertical.From a horizontal perspective,it refers to the income inequality of different families of the same generation,that is,the problem of unequal income distribution.It is generally measured by the Gini coefficient and can be measured by establishing a Model to analyze the reasons for the expansion of income inequality;from a vertical perspective,it refers to the intergenerational income inequality in the same family,that is,the intergenerational mobility of income,which reflects the problem of inequality of opportunity.Research in this dimension can directly reflect the family Internal income transfer situation.According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics,the Gini coefficient of national residents in 2019 was 0.465,which is still higher than the internationally recognized warning line of 0.4.Based on the "China Minsheng Development Report2016" released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Research Center,the Gini coefficient of China’s household property has reached 0.7,which indicates that the problem of household income gap in my country is already very serious.It is in this context that this article will study intergenerational income mobility from the perspective of family income inequality,and further explore the causes of income inequality from the perspective of income inequality within and between families.It helps to provide different perspectives for the study of income inequality,and also helps to make feasible policy recommendations for reducing income inequality.This article first studies the measurement methods of intergenerational income mobility,summarizes the previous studies,and constructs a research model suitable for this article based on the theoretical foundations of the predecessors.Finally,through the empirical regression results,the intergenerational income mobility is analyzed.Detailed analysis and discussion can find the reasons behind income differences and provide more empirical evidence for the theoretical model.This paper adopts the theoretical model of income mobility,the regression of intergenerational income elasticity and the estimation method of the transformation matrix,focuses on the family income background,takes the sum of parental income as the family income background,and uses CHNS(1991-2015)micro-family The data shows that:(1)Compared with low-income and high-income families,parents in high-income and low-income families have greater intergenerational income elasticity to their offspring,and for low-income matching families,their offspring are easier Modern poverty emerges;(2)The mother’s income level has a greater impact on the son’s income level than on the daughter’s income level,while the father’s income level has a greater impact on the daughter’s income level than on the son’s income level.In cities,the mother’s income level has a greater impact on the offspring;the offspring with a high degree of education are more able to get rid of the constraints of family background;(3)On the whole,although the mother’s average income level and education level are lower,the mother’s income level has a greater The influence of generations is greater than that of fathers;(4)In marriage matching,low-income and low-income families have greater intergenerational flexibility;(5)Relatively low-educated children,high-educated children are more likely to get rid of the constraints of family income background.We cannot unilaterally consider the overall intergenerational mobility,we should consider the intergenerational income mobility of different household income backgrounds.Based on this,this article puts forward policy recommendations to strengthen compulsory education in remote areas,increase women’s wages,implement maternity subsidies for women,and reduce inequality in educational opportunities.