Research On The Application Of The Conversation Method In Ideological And Political Work In Colleges And Universities

《Opinions on Strengthening and Improving ideological and political work in colleges and universities under the new situation》requires establishing and improving "the system of heart-to-heart talk,and conducting ideological guidance in equal communication,democratic discussion,and interactive exchanges",and《Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in the New Era 》emphasize again "effectively strengthening humanistic care and psychological counseling".As the basic method of ideological and political work,conversation method has unique value in strengthening human care and psychological counseling,improving the affinity and targeted aspects of ideological and political work.Under the call of the new situation in the new era,re-examining and optimizing conversation method is an important means of doing ideological and political work well in colleges and universities.The conversation method in ideological and political work in colleges and universities refers to the method by which ideological and political workers can understand,correct,and lead educational objects’ words and deeds through face-to-face conversations in the process of two-way interaction of language and information.The ideological and political conversation method has the characteristics of purposefulness,interactivity,pertinence,affinity and popularity,and has the advantages of cognitive function of getting dynamic thought,the early warning function of predicting potential risks,the correction function of correcting bad words and deeds,the guiding function of value education,and the liberation function of realizing personality development.In the practice of ideological and political conversation,it is necessary to uphold the principles of combining subject equality with value guidance,combining convincing people with reason and emotion,combining indoctrination education with discussion and inspiration,and combining pre-conversation with post-conversation.In terms of the theoretical basis of the ideological and political conversation method,Marxist theory and other interdisciplinary theories provide theoretical support for the scientific application of the conversation method in the ideological and political work in colleges and universities.Marx’s view of language,Mao Zedong’s important thoughts on the method of ideological and political conversation,and General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important exposition on ideological and political work in colleges and universities provide disciplinary basis for the scientific application of the conversation method for ideological and political workers in colleges and universities;the communicative behavior theory,inter-subjectivity theory and acceptance theory provide interdisciplinary theoretical reference for the effective use of ideological and political conversation method.In terms of the practical application of the ideological and political conversation method,the interview method and the case study method were used to conduct empirical research on the two main bodies of ideological and political educators and educational objects in colleges and universities,teachers and students in colleges and universities have relatively high evaluation of the ideological and political conversation method,and the conversation method has achieved good educational effect in the practice of ideological and political work,but there is still room for improvement.The coverage rate of ideological and political conversations and the frequency of per capita conversations are relatively low,the early warning function of ideological and political conversations is not well played,the content of political conversations is not sufficiently relevant to students’ life,and the conversation skills and abilities of ideological and political workers need to be improved,which are the main shortcomings of the current application of ideological and political conversation method in colleges and universities.The main reasons for this are that the ratio of teachers and students in ideological and political work is quite different,ideological and political conversation are mainly post-incident talks,some ideological and political workers are difficult to integrate political content,and some ideological and political workers are less trained in conversation method.In order to make up for the shortcomings in the practice of ideological and political conversation and improve the application effect of the conversation method in ideological and political work in colleges and universities,it should be optimized from the dimensions of the four elements of the ideological and political conversation process,namely,the subject of conversation,the object of conversation,the medium of conversation,and the environment of conversation.In terms of the subject of conversation,the construction of the contingent of ideological and political workers in colleges is strengthened by optimizing the number and structure of the contingent,strengthening the special training of the ideological and political conversation method,and improving the political and responsibility awareness of ideological and political workers.In terms of the object of conversation,the education object cooperate consciously to complete smoothly the ideological and political conversation in colleges and universities by initiating a conversation proactively,participating in the conversation sincerely,and replying the results actively.In terms of the medium of conversation,the scientific and artistic nature of ideological and political conversation content and methods can be improved by realizing the integration of factual,valuable and artistic conversation content,mastering the output,reception and analysis ways of ideological and political conversation information,and establishing and improving the conversation system of ideological and political work in colleges and universities.In terms of the environment of conversation,the timing and situation of ideological and political conversation are accurately shaped by establishing harmonious conversation relationship,finding the best time to talk,and reasonably choosing the conversation environment.The four elements of the ideological and political conversation process in colleges and universities are systematically optimized,and the educational effectiveness of the ideological and political conversation method is improved as a whole.