Group Work To Alleviate The Loneliness Of The Elderly Living Alone In Cities ——Take M Community In Shenyang City As An Example

China has already become an aging society and the degree of aging is deepening,and the elderly group is gradually concerned by the society.With the accelerating urbanization process,the number of elderly people living alone in cities is progressively increasing.The economic development has promoted the improvement of the daily life of the elderly living alone in cities.However,their mental health problems are becoming increasingly prominent,such as anxiety,depression,loneliness and other negative emotional experiences.Because the urban old man living alone not only experience the weakening of identity,and face his wife died or children away from home,often plagued by negative emotions,which leads to the lonely elderly living alone,so the urban old man lonely problem need to get the attention from all walks of life.In this study,taking Shenyang M community as an example,the elderly in M community through literature,questionnaire,method of scaling and interview method,found that the loneliness status of the elderly living alone in cities is not unique,mostly similar,mainly in role change,lack of self-identity,absence of children,lack of emotional support,impaired physical function,weak enthusiasm for community activities,and corresponding group work plan for problems and influencing factors.At the same time,on the basis of social support theory and demand level theory,the method of group work is adopted to plan many activities that the elderly can accept and are interested in.Starting from the three levels of individual,family and community,so as to formulate the plan of activities and carry out corresponding group activities.At the end of the six group events,evaluation and reflect on the interventional results using loneliness scale and satisfaction questionnaire,based on the results of the scale pre-and post-survey and the group activity satisfaction and social worker satisfaction questionnaire,to analyze whether the desired goals are met,draw the research conclusions and relevant suggestions are put forward.From the individual level to enhance the self-identity of the elderly living alone,meet the needs of self-value realization.Family-level level,strengthen the construction of family emotional support,call on their children to pay more attention to the elderly living alone.From the community level,we will improve the social support network to alleviate the loneliness of the urban elderly living alone to a greater extent,and broaden new ideas for research on the mental health of the elderly living alone.The innovation of this study is using the method of group social work urban old man living alone lonely condition,solitary old man open up because of similar to each other,enhance the communication between each other,form a perfect social support network,at the same time explore the urban old man living alone emotional health services.However,the overall study also has shortcomings.Due to the limitations of time and region,the protocol design of the overall group lacks richness,and the research results also have certain limitations.