Study On The Effect Of Visual Spatial Working Memory And Training On Offensive Ability To Read Maps Orienteering Plays

The ability to read pictures is one of the most important skills in orienteering.In identifying directional maps,players need to conduct efficient visual search from rich map information,and at the same time encode,process,store and extract key information.In the process of map recognition,the accuracy and speed of capturing map information determine the performance of players.The ability of map recognition is very important for players and coaches.Previous studies have shown that visualspatial working memory affects visual search and selective attention,and it is found that individual visual-spatial working memory may be functionally separated when processing objects and spatial information.In the process of orienteering,spatial positioning should be carried out constantly,and at the same time,the participants should march according to the map route and checkpoint information.In the process of competition,the players should always pay attention to the object and spatial information in the map and the actual scene.It remains to be further explored whether the athletes’ ability to process different information has any influence on their image recognition ability,and whether the image-recognition ability can be improved through specialized visual-spatial working memory training.Based on this,visual spatial working memory was introduced into the study of image recognition of orienteering athletes.This study was divided into two parts.First,the effects of two subfactors of visual-spatial working memory（object and spatial working memory capacity）on image recognition ability were investigated,and then the effects of visual-spatial working memory capacity on image recognition ability were discussed.In the first study,a 2（capacity level）×3（difficulty of image recognition task）mixed experimental design was adopted.The participants of the experiment were 40 male members of a domestic university orienteering training team.The results show that :（1）The main effect of object working memory capacity on image recognition was significant,but the main effect on image recognition accuracy was not significant;The difficulty of image recognition has no significant effect on response time but significant effect on accuracy.（2）The main effect of spatial working memory capacity on the image recognition accuracy was significant,but the main effect was not significant for the image recognition response.The difficulty of image recognition has a significant effect on accuracy,but not on response time.（3）Visual space working memory capacity has a significant effect on the response time of image recognition,and the main effect is also significant on the accuracy.Difficulty of image recognition has no significant effect on the response time,but the main effect is significant on the accuracy.On the basis of study 1,study 2,from the overall perspective of visual-spatial working memory,designed visual-spatial working memory training to explore whether visual-spatial working memory training has an effect on the improvement of image recognition ability of orienteering athletes.The experiment results show that,After 12 weeks of training,there were significant differences between the two groups in the response time of image recognition and the accuracy of image recognition between the two groups.The results are as follows:（1）orienteering athletes’ response to picture recognition is affected by the level of object working memory,and athletes with high object working memory capacity have better response to picture recognition;（2）Spatial working memory capacity had an effect on the image recognition accuracy of orienteering athletes,and the group with higher spatial working memory capacity had a higher image recognition accuracy.（3）The level of visual-spatial working memory capacity had an effect on both the correct rate and the response time of the contestants.The higher the level of visual-spatial working memory capacity was,the better the response time and the response time of the contestants were.（4）After 12 weeks of specific visual-spatial working memory training for orienteering athletes,the response time and accuracy of the participants in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group.