A Qualitative And Quantitative Study On The Present Situation Of Professional Stress Of Special Education Teachers And Its Influencing Factors

Special education teachers are teachers with physical and mental disabilities.Due to the particularity of their education objects,their requirements on work content,work intensity and role diversity are much higher than those of general education teachers,which brings higher professional pressure to special education teachers.Although there are many researches on professional stress of teachers in China,there are few researches on special education teachers.A comprehensive understanding of the status quo,influencing factors and mechanism of vocational stress of special education teachers can provide a basis for effectively relieving vocational stress of teachers.This study consists of two parts: the first is a qualitative study.Interviewees who meet the criteria are selected and semi-structured interviews are conducted through the "Vocational Stress Scale for Teachers of Special Education" compiled by He Jiahui.To understand the current situation and influencing factors of vocational stress of special education teachers from three aspects: influencing factors,cognition and influence of vocational stress.Secondly,quantitative study,the use of special education teachers occupational stress inventory,call the occupational scale "," pay-reward imbalance scale " and " career delayed gratification scale investigation interview research institute found that the influence of special education teachers occupational stress of several key factors,the relationship between and to further explore the mechanism for the formation of special education teachers occupational stress.The results show that:（1）The occupational stress of special education teachers is the result of interaction of many factors.The interview results show that the imbalance between pay and return is the most important factor,followed by environmental factors,such as teacher staff construction and school management concept.Finally,there are personal factors,mainly the expectation and responsibility of the role of teachers in special education.In addition,the self-marginalization of special education teachers also leads to professional stress.（2）The special education teachers’ cognition of occupational stress is generally contradictory in attitude and behavior.Some interviewees believe that occupational stress is universal and should be faced correctly.Some respondents considered occupational stress a negative influence that should be criticized and condemned.In the face of pressure,a small number of interviewees said that although they knew to deal with it scientifically,they would still adopt a negative coping style,which was manifested as the reduction of self-control and obstacles in overcoming.（3）Occupational stress has many influences on special education teachers.On the one hand,it will stimulate teachers to improve their time management skill and encourage special education teachers to try new knowledge and skills.On the other hand,it can negatively affect work,mood and relationships.（4）In the group of special education teachers,there are significant gender and age differences in occupational stress.The stress level of male teachers is higher than that of female teachers,and the occupational stress of teachers aged 20-30 is higher than that of other special education teachers.In addition,there is also a significant difference in the education level,the occupational stress level of special education teachers with higher education is higher.（5）Occupation calling significantly negatively predicted occupational stress and payment-return imbalance,and payment-return imbalance significantly positively predicted occupational stress,i.e.,individuals with high occupational calling had lower occupational stress and payment-return imbalance.Higher effort-reward imbalance resulted in higher occupational stress.（6）Occupation calling positively predicted delayed occupational satisfaction,and delayed occupational satisfaction negatively predicted occupational stress.In other words,the higher the level of occupational calling is,the higher the delayed satisfaction is and the lower the occupational stress is.（7）The imbalance of payback and delayed gratification play a dual mediating role between occupational calling and occupational stress.Occupational calling can directly affect occupational stress,and indirectly affect occupational stress through affecting the imbalance of payback and delayed gratification.