| Sponge material,as a kind of porous elastic material,has good adsorption property and is widely used in the field of adsorption and filtration.Common sponges are made of foaming polyurethane resin or cellulose fiber,and there are also natural sponge materials in nature.Among them,cellulose fiber sponge has the advantages of low cost,high efficiency and regeneration,meanwhile,its surface has a large number of active groups such as hydroxyl group,carboxyl group,etc,which make cellulose fiber sponge has a good adsorption function.Many researchers consider it a very promising adsorption material.At present,the emission problem of industrial oily exhaust gas is urgent to be solved,and the pollution of lampblack gas in cities is becoming more and more serious.From the perspective of improving treatment efficiency and reducing energy consumption,physical adsorption method is particularly critical in the treatment of gas pollutants.Sponge materials are widely used in physical adsorbents because of their excellent adsorption properties.Researchers at home and abroad have done a lot of work.For example,the preparation of a superhydrophobic porous ethyl cellulose can be used to remove oily pollutants.However,the method of preparation of the above materials has the problems of complex system design and complicated steps,in addition,the process of preparation will produce waste liquid to pollute the environment.Therefore,on the basis of a large number of domestic and foreign research reports,in consideration of the needs of green and pollution-free,this paper puts forward a new idea for the preparation of plant cellulose adsorption materials,the preparation of hydrophilic and oil-wet towel gourd cellulose sponge materials,and the development of this kind of materials in the kitchen oil smoke adsorption,properties of light-harvesting and oxygen-releasing and other fields of new functions.The main contents of this work are as follows:(1)A class of superhydrophilic and superoleophilic loofah sponge was prepared by freeze-drying technique of loofah cellulose,which was extracted from natural loofah through lignin and hemicellulose removal.The composition,crystalline state was analyzed by FT-IR,XRD and TGA.The microstructure of the material was observed by SEM,and the results showed that there are abundant hierarchical pores on the surface of loofah fiber walls.The contact angle measurement showed that the loofah sponge rapidly absorbed water and oil during 62 ms.The adsorption capacities of the sponge to deionized water and five different oils were investigated,and the results showed the absorption rate of loofah sponge was significantly higher than cotton.In brief,the absorption capacitycan reach up to 31.97 g/g for water,and 35.03 g/g for chloroform.The adsorption properties of the loofah sponges for water-oil mixture fumes have also studied,and the materials show higher absorption capacity than cotton fiber.The adsorption mechanism was discussed based on the capillary effect of the porous structure.(2)With the loofah sponge as the carrier,the loofah/TiO2/thylakoid composite was prepared by chemical vapor deposition of TiO2,which are yield by sol-gel method.Besides,the properties of light-harvesting and oxygen-releasing and recombination mechanism are also be discussed.Firstly,titanium dioxide nanometer microspheres were deposited on the surface of loofah cellulose by aerosol sol-gel method,then draw support from its peculiar pore structure,the thylakoid suspension was adsorbed onto the surface of the material.So that the titanium dioxide microspheres and thylakoids can composite effectively.According to the SEM and TEM images,the diameter of titanium dioxide microspheres is about 0.5-1.2 ?m,and that of thylakoids is about 0.2-0.5 ?m.The results of EDX and XRD test show that the amorphous titanium dioxide nanoparticles and thylakoid particles have a good composite effect.The results of UV diffuse reflectance spectrum analysis and oxygen gas detector show that the composite material exhibits properties of light-harvesting and oxygen-releasing. |
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