Research On Ecological Risk Assessment And Governance Countermeasures Of Coal Mining Subsidence Area In Jining City

As a non-renewable resource,coal is an important carrier and cornerstone indispensable for human production activities and social and economic development.While coal mining activities drive the rapid development of the local economy,it has also led to a series of ecological and environmental problems such as surface subsidence,groundwater pollution,and large farmland water accumulation,making the contradiction between population,resources,and the environment in mining areas more prominent.In recent years,with the continuous extension of the research scope of regional ecological risk assessment,the research of ecological risk assessment in mining areas has received great attention from many scholars.Therefore,the in-depth study of ecological risk assessment and ecological management zoning in subsidence areas can provide technical reference for risk prevention and control and comprehensive management of coal mining subsidence areas,provide the scientific basis for land and space use control in subsidence areas,and promote the green and sustainable development of mining areas.The interference degree of human activities is high in the coal mining subsidence area of Jining City,and the land subsidence damage is serious.In this study to understand the connotation of concepts related to ecological risk assessment,in Jining coal resources are rich,severe subsidence seeper of 13 villages and towns as the overall research object,based on 2009,2012,2014,and 2016,four periods of high-resolution remote sensing image data,the use of artificial visual interpretation and decision tree method to interpret and processing,vector data for 2009-2016 land-use types.Comprehensive use of Arc GIS 10.2,Fragstats 4.2and other spatial analysis software to reveal the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of ecological risk factors in the coal mining subsidence area of Jining City from three perspectives: risk sources,landscape pattern and ecosystem services,and build a comprehensive ecological risk integration of the subsidence area on this basis Evaluation model,and then use the AHP decision analysis method to determine the weight value of each risk factor,and further use the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to calculate the comprehensive risk index to explore the characteristics of the ecological risk spatial differentiation and the evolution of the ecological risk center of gravity in the coal mining subsidence area of Jining City,and Based on this and other economic and location factors,the spatial superposition analysis is carried out,and finally the results of the delimitation of the subsidence area management zoning and countermeasures are given.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The ecological risk factors in the study area have obvious spatial heterogeneity due to their own attribute differences and different risk contribution rates.The land surface undulation caused by land collapse is an important inducement for the ecological risk in the subsided area.Coal mining has increased the ecological risk value of the nearby area.During the study period,the spatial dynamics of the largest patch index and the aggregation index had the characteristics of overall consistency.The fractal dimension,patch density,and Shannon diversity index showed increasing trends of different magnitudes;the ecosystem service value of the subsidence area has been increasing steadily.The service value growth rate of different ecosystems is slightly different.(2)From 2009 to 2016,the comprehensive ecological risk index increased first and then decreased,and the ecological risk of the subsided area showed a gradual decline.The areas of high-risk areas,high-risk areas,and medium-risk areas of ecological risk decreased,and areas of low-risk areas and low-risk areas increased.There were fewer areas converted into higher-risk and medium-risk areas.There are more areas with lower risk transitions,and the ecological risk of the study area has decreased overall;the standard deviation ellipse area is gradually shrinking,indicating that the spatial distribution of environmental risks has changed from dispersion to agglomeration,and its spatial agglomeration and convergence have gradually increased;analysis of the risk center The coordinate change shows that the center of gravity moves northward slightly.(3)Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological risk in the study area,considering the suitability of land space utilization,soil type,main road,and GDP level of towns,and other influencing factors,taking ecological management as the core philosophy,follow the unified planning of coal mining subsidence land,coordinate the arrangement of key project management work,clarify the priority of ecological management,and comprehensively consider management direction and objectives,management technology and methods around urban and rural planning and related planning requirements for agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fishery.Following the principles of centralized and contiguous and large-scale construction,the subsidence area is designated as wetland protection and management area,natural restoration management area,ecological protection management area,agricultural development management area,and ecological landscape management area.Putting forward targeted planning schemes and management ideas.