Research On The Spatial Layout Planning Of Fire Stations In Mountain Cities

As an important urban safety facility,urban fire station provided safety guarantee for the normal operation of various social activities such as urban life and production,and provided safety support for the safe operation and high-quality sustainable development of the city.In the mountainous city with complex terrain,how to scientifically arrange the fire station to make the fire station give full play to its maximum social benefits,so as to better improved the safety performance of fire fighting in Mountainous City,and at the same time avoided the uneconomical layout of the fire station.Therefore,this paper used Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process as the basic theoretical method to study and analyze the weight of four first level indicators,included service time,economic factors,social factors,environmental and geographical factors,and calculates the weight of 14 second level indicators respectively.On this basis,space syntax was used to study and analyze the spatial connection value,control value,depth value,depth value of Guiyang downtown The main results were as follows:(1)Mountain city had many kinds of geomorphic features and complex topographical structures.It had rich and diverse climatic characteristics,water resources were developed;the construction land was scarce and the intensity of land development was high.The spatial layout of mountainous cities was diverse and unique,the land used of mountainous cities was characterized by large dispersion and small concentration,which brought some difficulties to the expansion of construction land and the construction of infrastructure.The land area availabled for construction was small,the relationship between people and land was extremely tense,and the regional population density was large.(2)The current standard was that the distribution of fire stations in mountainous cities was sparse and the area of responsibility area was large.Because of the complicated road traffic conditions and complex land layout structure of mountainous cities,the spatial accessibility and convenience were worse than other plain cities,the traditional layout method of fire stations was not applicable.(3)There were 4 primary indexes and 14 secondary indexes for the layout of fire stations in mountainous cities.Among the first level indicators,the influence of service time and economic factors was relatively high,with weights of 0.4786 and 0.2696 respectively,followed by social factors and environmental geography factors.The average passing time(weight 0.3295),annual total operating costed of fire station(weight 0.1863),fire rescue dispatching time(weight 0.1038)and other rights of fire vehicles arriving at fire sites within the jurisdiction were significant in the secondary indicators,which indicates that they have great influence.The influence of these factors should be fully considered in the spatial layout of fire stations in mountainous cities.(4)Through the spatial syntactic analysis of the connection value,control value,depth value,global integration degree,three-step integration degree and comprehensibility of the road network in the central urban area of Guiyang,it can be seen that the accessibility of the urban central area was high,the spatial permeability was strong,and the road network density was large,while the accessibility of the urban fringe area was poor,and the spatial permeability was poor,It is concluded that there are some problems in the layout of fire stations in mountainous cities,such as poor spatial accessibility,too large responsibility area and uneven distribution.Then,according to the space syntax,relevant layout specifications and the actual situation,the optimized fire station layout method was proposed,including enhancing the matching degree between the fire station layout and the urban road(improving the convenience and accessibility of the fire station to the area;Enhance the space permeability of fire station;Strengthen the scientific and reasonable layout of fire stations to avoid over diversity and uneven distribution;Improved the coordination of fire station layout and urban spatial structure;Considered the economic factors comprehensively,the scientificity of fire station location should be enhanced;Strengthen the overall macro control of fire station layout.