| The traditional villages of China which are the witness of historical changes have played an important role in this aspect.Among them,in terms of the traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou which are endowed with the regional characteristics,they contain rich national culture and humanistic spirits after being influenced by the natural and humanistic environment.Nonetheless,there are new challenges being brought to the protection and development of traditional villages with the great influence of rapid urbanization and modern life style.Currently,the space adaptability of traditional villages fails to meet the increasing requirements of villagers.Therefore,the in-depth research on the spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou is carried out in the paper.Then,it is conductive to enhancing the spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou,moreover,it is of great significance regarding the inheritance of the historical and cultural context of villages of Buyi Nationality and promotion of their long-term development.The paper aims at providing the relevant theoretical and practical foundation for the spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou with the major research results presented in the following content:(1)The traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou were distributed with the overall features of closing to the mountains and rivers,stretchering along with rivers and forming a series of spatial patterns.The traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou could be split into three categories which were respectively the river and flat-dam category,slope category and high mountain category in accordance with the features in the mountainous areas.In terms of the D/H ratio of streets and alleys,it was concentrated in 0.25-0.65 with good neighborhood relations.The Luohuidazhai village in Xinjie was endowed with the highest overall integration,selectivity,comprehensibility,control value and average depth,as well as relatively higher accessibility and permeability among the four sample villages.As for the node space in streets and alleys,it contained seven types which were respectively T-shaped,Y-shaped,Z-shaped,arc-shaped,divergent,proximal and vertical with frequent space conversion.As for the water bodies,they were split into 4 categories which were respectively river,well,building pond and ditch.The cultural space was mainly composed of Sunburn dam,god temple,Fengshui forest and village gate.Single buildings were categorized as three types of dry-column building,stone-slab building and traditional flat building.The major types of courtyard space were courtyard dam type,L-shaped enclosed type and three-courtyard type.To tackle the height difference in the courtyards,there were three methods of building platform in front yard,building platform in back yard and leveling gentle slope.There were natural environment,social,historical and cultural factors,traffic factors and economic development factors that could influence the spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou.(2)The evaluation index system of spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Qiannan with first-grade index including social adaptation,functional adaptation,landscape adaptation,ecological adaptation and morphological structure adaptation and second-grade index including 22 influencing factors of spatial adaptability ranging from the embodiment of Buyi cultural characteristics and landmarks was constructed by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process after carrying out research on spatial characteristics of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou.Moreover,each index was endowed with weight value and passed the consistency test,unified evaluation standard and evaluation grade.Accordingly,the index weight of five criteria was ordered as: social adaptation(0.3448),functional adaptation(0.2565),morphological structure adaptation(0.1657),ecological adaptation(0.1284)and landscape adaptation(0.1046).(3)The relevant empirical study was carried out for spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou by relying on the evaluation system.The evaluation of the four sample villages was ranked as Luohuidazhai village in Xinjie(3.235),Daniao group in Xinjian(3.013),Zhangbu Village(3.001)and Lekang Village(2.725)by adopting the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Among them,Luohuidazhai Village in Xinjie,Daniao group in Xinjian and Zhangbu Village were evaluated as “good” and Lekang Village was evaluated as “medium” and so on.Luohuidazhai Village in Xinjie had the highest rank among the four villages,which was mainly the result of its good social adaptation and structural adaptability.In terms of the ranks for the four types of space,they were respectively cultural space(3.345),courtyard space(3.023),street and alley space(3.003),water body space(2.828).The cultural space,courtyard space and street space were evaluated as “good” and water body space was evaluated as “medium”.There was no “perfect” grade,which indicated that spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou could meet the basic needs,but there was still room for further enhancement.(4)The overall requirements for the development of spatial adaptability were proposed by researching on the current status and characteristics of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou and evaluation results of spatial adaptability based on the development objectives and principles for spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou.Specially,the methods and contents related to the enhancement of the spatial adaptability in each dimension were elaborated in the paper from five dimensions ranging from social adaptation,functional adaptation,landscape adaptation,ecological adaptation and morphological structure adaptation.Finally,it aimed at providing reference for the protection and development of spatial adaptability of villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou.The evaluation index system of spatial adaptability of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou was used in the overall space and various types of space of traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou after being constructed in the paper.In this regard,it was able to provide the relevant basis for the development strategy of spatial adaptability of traditional villages.In the paper,the evaluation system and strategies put forward in the paper were of certain reference value for the development of spatial adaptability of other traditional villages of Buyi Nationality in Southern Guizhou. |
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