Research On The Impact Of The Opening Of High-speed Rail On The Quality Of Urban Innovation

Since the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy,China’s innovation achievements have repeatedly hit new highs,but it is also facing the dilemma of "more than good" overall innovation level.The "space-time compression" effect and high price characteristics of the opening of high-speed rail affect the level of innovation by accelerating the flow and aggregation of innovative elements based on highly skilled labor and the knowledge spillover based on "face-to-face" exchanges.In recent years,trade protectionism has risen and the Sino-US trade conflict has continued to escalate.Based on the theory of "face-to-face" exchanges,research on the opening of high-speed rail and the quality of urban innovation is particularly urgent.Under the premise of highly developed communication technology,are the information dissemination and knowledge spillover effects of the opening of highspeed rail real? Is the quantity of innovation effective in measuring the level of innovation in a city? Talent is the core element of innovation.In the context of highspeed rail,how to release the dividend of high-skilled talent flow to improve the quality of innovation? Does the quality of innovation have spatial correlation characteristics?In order to further clarify these issues,based on the perspective of the flow of innovative elements,this paper incorporates the opening of high-speed rail and the quality of innovation into a unified analysis framework,using panel data from 285 prefecturelevel cities from 2007 to 2018,and using the propensity score matching method to investigate the two Relationship and mechanism of action,in order to further explore the spatio-temporal effects of innovation quality under the opening of high-speed rail,a spatial Doberman model and a generalized spatial autoregressive model are constructed based on geographic distance,economic distance and the shortest time distance spatial weight matrix to explore the spatial correlation characteristics of innovation quality.Decompose the direct and indirect effects of explanatory variables,and discuss the strength of their contribution to innovation quality.The research found that:(1)The opening of high-speed rail can speed up the flow of innovation factors,optimize the innovation environment,and form innovation clusters,thereby promoting the improvement of urban innovation quality.After exchange for different innovation quality indicators,propensity score matching methods,and reprocessing of sample data,The above results are still robust.(2)And this effect is based on city scale as the main factor,showing heterogeneity between cities.The opening of high-speed rail has the most significant impact on the quality of innovation in large cities,stimulating lowquality innovation in small cities.(3)The test of the mechanism of action shows that the dissemination of information by high-speed rail has not been weakened by the rapid development of communication technology,and the impact of science and education expenditure and R&D investment on the quality of urban innovation is significantly positive.(4)The time effect of the opening of high-speed rail on urban innovation quality presents an inverted U-shaped trend of "rising first and then falling";the global Moran Index shows that innovation quality has a significant positive spatial correlation,and the empirical results of SDM and SAC models indicate time distance Factors have strengthened the spatial spillover effect of the opening of high-speed rail on innovation quality.Therefore,while building high-speed rail,cities need to pay attention to the introduction and training of talents,increase investment in science,technology and education,and continuously improve the innovation environment to improve the quality of innovation.Small and medium-sized cities with low road network density need to strengthen the paving of high-speed railways and prepare for the siphoning of innovative elements during the period to undertake the transfer of traditional industries;large cities should consider the attenuation of the time effect of high-speed rail after the opening of the high-speed rail 2-3 years.Strengthen innovation and division of labor and upgrade.Innovative entities need to take advantage of the "dual network effect" of high-speed railways and online communication infrastructures under the line,build an innovation system with innovation quality as the core,and realize the transformation of innovation results from quantity to innovation quality under the innovation-driven strategy.This will bridge the gap in innovation quality with developed countries.