Research On Optimization Of Multi-mode Bus Routes Connecting Urban Rail

With the improvement of urban economic level,the number of urban cars has increased,the travel demand of urban residents has increased,and the problem of traffic congestion has become more and more serious.In order to alleviate urban traffic problems,countries all over the world have summed up the development direction of "A large urban public transport system based on the development of urban rail transit and supplemented by public transport,so as to attract citizens using private transport to public transport as much as possible".Some cities in China have begun to invest a lot of human and material resources in the construction of rail transit and have initially stepped into the "rail era".However,although rail transit has the advantages of large traffic volume and high comfort,it also has the disadvantages of long construction cycle and poor flexibility.Therefore,in order to give better play to the backbone role of rail transit in urban public transport system,promote the development of various regions of the city,and strengthen the integrated development of public transport and rail transit has become a hot research topic.At present,although China's ground bus has begun to transform to rail transit,there are still some problems,such as unclear division of ground bus connection function and unreasonable line setting,which seriously reduces the attraction of rail transit,leads to the unmet travel needs of residents,and there is a large gap with the urban advanced public transport system.Effectively solving the existing problems is an important way to improve the comprehensive level of urban public transport and realize the harmonious development of residents and transportation.Therefore,starting from the connection between public transport and rail transit in China,this thesis studies the optimization of three modes of connecting rail transit.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Basic theoretical research.Based on the basic theory,the multi-mode public transport is divided into conventional public transport,fixed feeder public transport and responsive feeder public transport.The performance of rail transit is analyzed from the aspects of transportation capacity,line flexibility and construction cost.The performance of three modes of public transport is analyzed from the aspects of operation conditions,service level and applicable conditions.Finally,the competition and cooperation between rail transit and public transport are analyzed from the form of expression.(2)Explore the connection demand characteristics of residents' travel based on Residents' travel data.Through the form of questionnaire survey,the relationship between the access demand and travelers' personal attributes,travel behavior and station types was analyzed to obtain the acceptable walking distance and acceptable connection time of residents.Through the OD survey data of residents,Arc GIS software is used to visualize and draw the OD flow chart of residents,analyze the travel rules of residents,put forward the definition and identification method of potential passenger flow,so as to mine the potential passenger flow.(3)Define the connection scope of rail transit stations.Firstly,the principle of accessibility was introduced,and a model was proposed to determine the attraction range of rail stations based on accessibility.Taking generalized travel time as an evaluation index,the theoretical values of the attraction range of rail stations when three modes of bus connection were conventional,fixed and responsive were solved respectively.Then,the difference range is obtained according to the connection time acceptable to residents in the questionnaire survey in Chapter 3.According to the identification and analysis of the potential passenger flow in chapter3,the key connection range is obtained.Finally,the connection relationship between adjacent sites is considered.When there is no competitive area for adjacent sites to access,the intersection of the above three ranges is determined as a reasonable connection range.When there is a competitive area,the proximity principle should be considered comprehensively to determine the reasonable connection range.(4)Research on multi-mode Bus Route Optimization method of Connecting Track.Firstly,the optimization principle of conventional bus routes is determined.According to the existing research at home and abroad,the optimization rules and methods of conventional bus routes are proposed,such as truncation and reroute of common lines according to the collinearity factor,station adjustment or local reroute of intersecting lines,and line extension of conventional bus routes with connection function.Then,according to the fixed nature of fixed bus stations,the optimization method of fixed bus line based on passenger comfort was proposed,and the mathematical model was established and solved by NSGA-? algorithm.Finally,according to the characteristics that passengers on responsive bus pay more attention to punctuality,the optimization method of responsive bus route based on time window is proposed,and the mathematical model is established,and the NSGA-? algorithm is proposed to solve the model.(5)Taking Jinan as an example,referring to the connection range of each station calculated in Chapter 4,and according to the conventional bus optimization method proposed in Chapter5,select the lines to be adjusted,and make qualitative adjustment to the conventional bus according to the methods such as line extension;Then,taking Pengjiazhuang station as the research object,optimize the connecting bus line and responsive connecting bus line around,solve the model by using NSGA-? algorithm,and illustrate the practicability through a case.