Effects Of Climate Change On Flue-cured Tobacco Quality And Control Measures In High-altitude Tobacco Areas

Climatic conditions are the key factors affecting the growth and quality of tobacco leaves in the field.Mastering the effects of climate change on tobacco growth and quality and adopting reasonable agronomic regulation measures are needed for stabilizing tobacco quality in tobacco growing areas under the background of climate change.By using the meteorological observation data from2007 to 2013 in Sichuan Province Meteorological Yanyuan County tobacco and tobacco quality data,analyzed the change characteristics of temperature and rainfall in the high altitude tobacco area and its influence on the quality of tobacco;on this basis,by adjusting the transplanting and improved mulching agronomic measures such as regulation of tobacco plant in in different growth stages and photothermal rainfall and other climatic conditions,in order to stabilize the quality of tobacco,tobacco production to provide high-quality scientific basis under the background of climate change.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Yanyuan high altitude smoke region in recent years,rainfall has continued to decline,the rainy season is also the time delay,Yanyuan County in flue-cured tobacco transplanting to the rosette stage is unable to form the effective rainfall,rainfall outside are unable to meet the growth of tobacco demand,at the same time,the overall temperature increased with the precipitation decreased,the monthly mean temperature is the corresponding increase in high temperature and dry weather early long time is harmful to the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco on the part,will directly affect the quality of flue-cured tobacco form;(1)Yanyuan high altitude tobacco area in recent years rainfall continued to decline in2011,rainfall at least,only 539 mm,down 25.9% compared with 2010,the rainy season is also the time delay of the rainy season in 2007,2010 and April 2012 come earlier,the lowest rainfall,and in June 2012 before the formation of effective rainfall in Yanyuan County;flue-cured tobacco transplanting to rosette unable to form the effective period of rainfall,rainfall outside are unable to meet the growth of tobacco demand,at the same time,the overall temperature showed a clear upward trend,in 2008 the lowest temperature,7.93 degrees Celsius,with declining rainfall,monthly average temperature increase,high temperature and dry weather early long time is harmful to the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco on the part,will directly affects the quality of flue-cured tobacco form.(2)after a month(May),the rainfall and temperature had different effects on the appearance quality,sensory quality(evaluation results)and the coordination of the internal chemical components of tobacco leaves.In the three aspects of tobacco appearance quality,sensory quality and internal chemical composition,all were the best in2007 and the worst in 2012.(3)in the tobacco area,Yanyuan high altitude early transplanting,affected by rainfall and temperature,slow growth early transplanting tobacco;late in flue-cured tobacco production in later stage because the temperature drops,leading to decline in the quality of flue-cured tobacco and output value decreased.The existing transplanting date is postponed for 10 days(from April 25 th to May 5th),which will affect the main growth period of flue-cured tobacco,effectively promote the growth and development of tobacco plants,and improve the coordination of flue-cured tobacco's economic traits,sensory quality and internal chemical components.(4)from the control ability,in the transplanting period,white + black plastic film can effectively reduce the surface soil temperature of 16.3 DEG C,at the same time,the maximum temperature difference sooner or later can be reduced to 18.8 degrees,7.5degrees and 6.2 degrees,can be adjusted to the soil temperature of tobacco root suitable growth temperature range between 7 DEG-35 C,so as to promote tobacco root growth,root root weight increased compared with the conventional film 29.33 times,at the same time,the use of white and black tobacco leaves treated from yield,average price and output value per mu,in the fine proportion are higher than the other treatments,while the proportion of superior tobacco has been greatly improved.