Molecular Epidemiological Investigation Of Major Tick-borne Pathogens Carried By Ruminants In Mudanjiang Area

Tick is an obligate blood-sucking ectoparasite that can transmit a variety of zoonotic diseases by biting the host and sucking blood.These zoonotic pathogens transmitted by ticks not only harm the health and lives of humans and animals,but also bring huge economic losses to the animal husbandry industry.Among them,the harm to grazing free-range farmers is more serious,affecting the development of animal husbandry.It poses a great threat to public health security.Mudanjiang City is located in a mountainous area with dense forests,which provides a suitable environment for the survival of ticks.It is a natural plague of tick-borne pathogens.There have been many reports on tick bites and tick-borne diseases.However,there is still a lack of relevant research on tick-borne diseases of grazing livestock in this area.Therefore,this study intends to carry out an investigation of the main tick-borne pathogens in the blood of grazing ruminants in Mudanjiang City.The results of the study provide a basis for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases of ruminants and have important public health significance.In this study,several major tick-borne pathogens(piroplasm,Anaplasma,Rickettsiae,And Borrelia burgdorferi)were collected from 814 ruminant blood samples(including cattle of 205,sheep of 406,goats of 183,anddeer of 20)collected from the Mudanjiang area.The PCR method was used to detect 18 S r DNA of piroplasm,16 S r DNA of Anaplasma,omp A of Rickettsia and5S-23 S r DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi.Subsequently,data statistics,sequence analysis and risk factor analysis were performed on the positive results.A total of 229 positive samples of tick-borne pathogens were detected in this investigation,with a total positive rate of 28.13%.Among them,the infection rate of piroplasm is the highest is 15.23%,followed by the infection rate of Anaplasma,which is 7.73%,the infection rate of Rickettsia is 4.29%,and the infection rate of Borrelia burgdorferi is 0.86%.In different species,the positive rate of tick-borne pathogens in deer was the highest of 85%,followed by cattle of 43.90%,sheep of 23.15%,and goats of 15.30%.Among different regions,the positive rate of tick-borne pathogens in Dongning City was 41.41%,Yangming District was 35.61%,Linkou County was 24.77%,Hailin City was 23.47%,and Xi’an District was 15.79%.Through the analysis of the sequenced sequence,the results showed that a total of 3 species Theileria,3 species of Babesia,3 species of Anaplasma,2 species of Rickettsia and 2 species of Borrelia burgdorferi were detected in the blood samples of ruminants in Mudanjiang area.Among the 13 detected pathogens,9 are important tick-borne zoonotic pathogens,and they were all detected for the first time by ruminants in Heilongjiang.This provides a basis for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases in related areas.According to statistical analysis,there are significant differences between piroplasm and Anaplasma in different species and regions.In this area,the detection rate of Theileria is higher by cattle and deer,while Babesia is only detected by sheep and goats,and it is Anaplasma.The infection rate is highest by sheep,and Borrelia burgdorferi is only found by deer.This shows that tick-borne pathogens have a certain species specificity.In this study,molecular methods were used to detect the main tick-borne pathogens in the blood of ruminants in Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang Province.The prevalence of important tick-borne pathogens in the blood of ruminants in relevant areas has been initially found out.A variety of pathogens were detected,many of which are zoonotic pathogens,which not only have a harmful effect on domestic animals,but also pose a potential threat to human health.It should arouse the great attention of the animal husbandry practitioners,animal disease prevention and control departments and disease control departments in this area to prevent serious public health safety problems.