Study On The Role Of Bile In The Processing Of Aconite

Fuzi,the processed root of aconite,has a long history of application in China,which is famous as its extraordinary efficacy and toxicity.Adipose alkaloids in Fuzi can bring strong cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity to human body,which has been jeopardized by clinical application.Therefore,Fuzi must be processed to achieve the purpose of attenuating and saving effect.As processing technology improving,more and more new processing methods of Fuzi have been developed.However,the most widely used processing method is still based on Danba immersion.By now,there is still no uniform standard about Danba usage,and the exact role of Danba in the Fuzi processing has not been uncovered.It was reported that Danba immersion may had antiseptic effect,but there was no scientific data to support it.At the same time,the appearance and color of Fuzi immersed in Danba were better than that without immersed in Danba.Improper Danba immersion in Fuzi processing not only lead to a large loss of active ingredients,but also easily caused metal ions residues,which further affected the medication safety Therefore,it was recommend to avoid use Danba during processing.In this study,the role of Danba immersion,as well as its safe usage amount in Fuzi processing were explored.Moreover,a new non-Danba processing method was also created.The main results are as following:1.Fixing shape function of Danba on Fuzi docotion pieces processingAfter separately soaked in 10%,20%,30%,40%and 50%Danba solution,hardness,springiness and cohesiveness of Fuzi were determined by multi-faceted texture analysis(TPA),and the micro cell morphology was observed.The results showed that the Fuzi hardness immersed in 20-30%Danba,the elasticity in 30%,and the density in 10-30%all remained stable.Compared to the fresh aconite slices,microstructure and morphology of 10-30%Danba treatment group on the 20th day showed better appearance and fuller cell morphology,which could met Pharmacopeia standards.The results indicated the Danba immersion could maintain Fuzi appearance,and the optimal concentration of the Danba was 20-30%.2.The effects of Danba concentration and soaking time on the Fuzi active ingredients lossingHigh-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and phenol-sulfuric acid methods were respectively used to detect the contents of six alkaloids and polysaccharides in Fuzi,and their toxic-effect ratios were also analyzed.The results showed that 10%concentration soaked for 7-9 d could maintain the effective ratio of Fuzi and total alkaloids at a high level,but the polysaccharides were lost after immersion.3.The antibacterial effect of Danba immersion on Fuzi proccessingThe antibacterial effect of Danba on Fuzi proccessing was verified.The results showed 12 day Danba immersion could obviously inhibit the growth of endophytic bacteria,and the antibacterial effect became more obvious with the immersion time prolonged.4.Ion residues contents detection in the Fuzi docotion piecesCationic chromatography was used to detect the contents of Na+,Mg2+,and Ca2+which accumulated in Fuzi processed pieces.During the 20d period of Danba immersion,the contents of the four main ionic components,Na+,Mg2+,Ca2+ and K+ changed significantly.With the immersion time prolonged,the contents of Mg2+ and K+ gradually decreased,while Na+ and Ca2+ gradually increased.Among them,the content of Ca2+ was 869.292mg·L-1(34.77%),whichwas the highest one in the Danba solution.Moreover,the content of Ca2+ in the Fuzi increased from 1.362 mg · L-1(0.05%)to 10.466 mg·L-1(0.42%)after 20 days soaking.5.Exploration of a new method of processing Fuzi based on Sini DecoctionThis experiment aimed to establish a qualified,stable and controlled decoction pieces based on the traditional Chinese medicine Sini Decoction.Fuzi decoction pieces qualities were evaluated by the contents of six alkaloid components.The effects of several processing parameters on the Fuzi decoction pieces qualities were investigated,and an optimal process was screened out.The parameters included the proportion and dosage of enzymes,the dosage of liquorice powder and ginger powder,as well as the steaming time.The optimal process was followings:after treated with 0.2g mixed enzyme powder(pectinase:cellulose,1:2),Fuzi was mixed with glycyrrhiza and ginger powder(1:2,w/w),then steamed at high pressure for 40 minutes.In the new Fuzi decoction pieces,the content of benzoylmes aconine was 0.035%,and the total amount of diester alkaloids was as low as 0.010%.In summary,10%Danba immersion for 7-9d of Fuzi processing can reduce toxicity,increase medicinal efficiency,inhibit bacteria growth,andavoid excessive accumulation of metal ion Ca2+.The concentration of 20-30%is the best Danba concentration for maintaining appearance of Fuzi.The novel free-Danba processing method obtained by optimizing processing based on Sini Decoction has the characteristics of high medicinal efficiency and low toxicity,which is a new and safe green processing method.