The Western Han Dynasty Qilushi People's Petition Research

The Western Han Dynasty was another unified period after the Qin Dynasty,it was an important stage in the development of ancient Chinese society which experience more than two hundred years.During this period,the economic,political,and ideological fields have achieved fruitful results and have had a profound impact on future generations.The prosperity and development of the Western Han society cannot be separated from the participation of the Qi Lu scholars,as the memorial is an important way for them to make suggestions,this paper studies the influence of the Qi Lu Scholars in the Western Han Dynasty on the Qi Lu Scholars’ memorial of the Western Han Dynasty.When the Han Dynasty played to the Southern Dynasties,there were not many memorial that were seen,and even fewer were passed down to the present.The memorial studied in this paper is mainly collected from Yan Kejun,The paper of whole three ancient Generations,Qin Dynasties,Han Dynasties,and the Six Kingdoms Dynasties,and the Historical Records and Han Shu.In the Western Han Dynasty,the Qi Lu scholars’ memorial have 171 pieces,involving 49 Qilu scholars,including 130 articles from Yan Kejun,The paper of whole three ancient Generations,Qin Dynasties,Han Dynasties,and the Six Kingdoms Dynasties,and other 41 articles from Historical Records and Han Shu,and there are 16 memorials only have heading no content.These memorials come from a wide range of sources,from the plebeian and soldier to the prime minister and minister.In terms of content,it also covers all aspects of Western Han society.This paper combines the social background of the Western Han Dynasty to study the content of the memorial,which is divided into five chapters:The first chapter An overview of the Western Han Qilu scholars,introducing the 171 pieces of Qi Lu scholars’ memorial collected from three aspects: number of memorial,types of memorial,and theme of memorial.From the point of view of the number of plays,the Qi Lu scholars’ memorial in the Western Han Dynasty generally showed an upward trend,but at the same time it has obvious stage characteristics.In types of memorial,it includes both written and oral memorial.On the subject of the discussion,it covers all aspects of the Western Han society.The second chapter Building the Peace of the World-advising and proposing,maintaining the stability of the founding dynasty.This chapter mainly studies the content of the Qi Lu scholars’ memorial in the early Western Han Dynasty.During this period,there are not many Qi Lu scholars who have memorial reserved,only Shu Suntong,Liu Jing,Zou Yang,etc,but,they all actively participated in politics and played an important role in consolidating the rule of the early Han Dynasty.The third chapter Achievements and institutions is beyond the reach of the future.This chapter mainly combines the social development of the Western Han Dynasty and conducts research on the collected Qi Lu scholars’ memorial.During this period,the number of Qi Lu scholars’ memorial suddenly rose,and the types of memorial were constantly enriched and improved.The Qi Lu scholars who have memorial reconsidered,such as Gong Sunhong,Dong Fangshuo,and Zhu Fuyan,also proposed important suggestions in the memorial that affecting the development of social development in the Western Han Dynasty.The fourth chapter Wearing the clothes of the Confucian,quote the words of the sages.In the late Western Han Dynasty,the number of Qi Lu scholars and the number of memorial were greatly increased.Through the analysis of the Qi Lu scholars’ memorial in the late Western Han Dynasty,we found that quotations of classics often appeared in the Qi Lu scholars’ memorial,most common with The Book of Songs and Spring and Autumn.In citations,sometimes the original sentences and examples in the book are directly quoted,and sometimes the ideas in the book are indirectly quoted,and with the development of society,the citation method is gradually fixed.The fifth chapter The characteristics of the Qi Lu scholars in the Western Han Dynasty.In addition to the obvious stage characteristics in terms of quantity,the Western Han Qi Lu scholars’ memorial also showed obvious regional characteristics.This chapter through the study of the Western Han Qi Lu scholars who have retained the memorial,finds out that the Qi Lu scholars in the early and middle Western Han Dynasty were mostly inhabited by the scholars of Qi,in the late Western Han Dynasty,the proportion of Lu scholars increased greatly.This phenomenon is not only related to the development of Confucianism in various stages of the Western Han Dynasty,but also influenced by the different characteristics of the scholars in Qi and Lu.