A Study Of Li Erqu's "reflexive" Thought

Li Yong is known as "Mr.Erqu",His study not only took various Confucian classics as its subject,but also absorbed the best ideas of various schools.In his later years,Li Erqu’s "Four Books reflexive record" is a masterpiece that can embody the theoretical value of Erqu.In other works,there are many sentences related to the connotation of "reflexion".On this basis,we can explore the multiple connotations of"reflexion" thought,and Li Erqu’s "reflexion" thought can embody the theory of "Guan zhong Wang School" Characteristics.The connotation of "reflexion" can be divided into two levels:knowing the "conscience" noumenon and doing work to restore the "original mind" and maintain the "original mind".Only when the noumenon and work are combined,can we truly achieve the "reflexion practice".Based on the clue of"reflexion",this paper explores it from three angles:the ontological dimension,the working dimension and the meritocracy dimension.Li Erqu gave a high evaluation to the meaning of "conscience" in Yangming’s mind school,and regarded "to conscience" as an important premise on his own way of learning and the basic path of "manifesting noumenon".The noumenon of conscience has four characteristics of "emptiness,clearness and Quietness".Li Erqu not only presents Wang Yangming’s "mind is too empty",but also further proposes that "mind is too empty",equates the status of "mind" and "empty",enriches the connotation of Wang Yangming’s "conscience",and makes ontology and Gongfu theory become a unified whole.In addition,conscience is naturally pure and good,and goodness is the innate gift of an individual,without learning from the nurture.Erqu points out that true knowledge "has its own characteristics".Everyone is endowed with innate conscience,and what he thinks and does is the revelation of conscience itself,so the moral subject must work inward.Erqu also takes the true knowledge as the body of mind and body,and holds the conscience from the perspective of time,that is,"knowing mind" and"understanding".It claims that when people realize the body of conscience,they will naturally act according to the rites.In the aspect of Gongfu theory,Li Erqu put forward "silent knowledge",that is to say,we need to "recognize the essence" and take this process as the first meaning of"entering the Tao".When we recognize the nature,we should combine "silent sitting"with "self-cultivation and self-examination",and we should use the "silent sitting" to achieve the goal of unity of mind and emotion.Erqu pays special attention to the work of "practice and demonstration",absorbs Zhu Zi’s work theory of "respect and explore the truth",emphasizes to work hard in the heart before it is issued,and pays attention to"introspection and introspection" when it is issued.Therefore,we can make an analysis of this work from two aspects:holding respect to cultivate one’s self,and holding respect to cultivate one’s mind.In addition,Erqu also attracts people’s mind with the noumenon of "independence",and puts forward the double ways of "cautious independence" and "cautious independence",which are "borrowing time to maintain noumenon",while "cautious independence" is "taking time as Noumenon".These two ways complement each other and constitute the important content of Erqu’s "repentance and innovation".The practice of classics is also an important content of the thought of "reflexion".Li Erqu praised "learning is not the valley of ambition".He hoped that scholars in Ming and Qing Dynasties could regain their life ambition of "self-cultivation and pragmatism ",and advocated that individuals should first educate themselves and learn for themselves.In the early stage of Li Erqu’s ideological development,the focus of his attention was mainly on politics,enriching the people,military,finance and other aspects.After laying a good social,economic and political foundation,we need to carry out the work of Ideological and cultural construction.Li Erqu advocated "Ming Li" and emphasized that "restraint" with Li,and that "Yue" has the meaning of noumenon attribute,in addition to constraints and moral practice.We makes a comparative study of Li Erqu’s and Zhu Xi’s Thoughts on Four Books,from three aspects:the different consciousness of the two authors,the comparison of the ideological contents of "following the principle" and "reflexion" and the historical influence.At the same time of accumulation of social evils,the debate of Neo Confucianism and mind theory is becoming more and more fierce.The Confucian tradition is greatly impacted.It is urgent to return to the classics and rebuild the authority of the Four Books.In this historical background,Erqu put forward that the cognitive process is the "reflexive practice" that points to the heart.The natural principle lies in everyone’s heart.We only need to "reflexive" to seek,to recognize,to know the body of conscience,not to obscure the mind and body,we only need to"Frank" to do,and its behavior is in line with "Tao".Compared with Zhu Xi’s "rational practice",Erqu’s "reflexive practice" is more simple and direct.It emphasizes that practice should be done at the moment.It has obvious characteristics of mind study,reduces the standard of practice,and allows every ordinary person to practice.Through"cultivating mind" and "cultivating body",we can perceive the bright mind and body.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,when the school of mind was dethroned,Li Erqu worked hard to reconstruct the symbolic category of high standard school of mind,that is,to achieve conscience,to show the purpose of School of mind and to strengthen the understanding of "mind",which undoubtedly played an important role in the development of School of mind in the early Qing Dynasty.In the aspect of the development of Guanxue,Li Erqu integrates the advantages of mind science and Neo Confucianism,which injects new development vitality and power into Guanxue.The thought of "reflexion" can be regarded as an important embodiment of Li Erqu’s"Guanzhong Wang School".