An Analysis Of Marx's Theory Of Alienation

For the first time,Hegel used the concept of "alienation" in a philosophical sense to express the self movement of the absolute spirit.Then Feuerbach criticized the alienation of religion and Hess criticized the alienation of money.On this basis,Marx began to criticize the alienation of labor.Different from the previous three,Marx,taking realistic individuals as the main body and people’s perceptual activities as the object,not only analyzed the devaluations of alienated labor to people,but also revealed the self-contradiction of capitalist mode of production,thus pointing out the prospect of susuiting alienated communist movement.Marx’s theory of alienation takes human’s alienation of labor as the starting point,analyzes the current economic reality,and expounds alienation of labor from four aspects:alienation between labor products and laborers,alienation between labor itself and laborers,alienation between laborers and their own category nature,and alienation between humans and others.With Marx’s in-depth study of capitalist political economy,Marx’s theory of alienation has been further developed,Marx revealed the common phenomenon in capitalist society--fetishism,and based on the alienation of labor,exposed the comprehensive alienation of human beings in real life.In the process of tracing the source of alienated labor,Marx found that the root of alienated labor was division of labor,and private ownership,as the result of division of labor and alienation,promoted the development of alienated labor.The cause of alienation is the sublation of alienation.Marx pointed out that the elimination of private ownership and the replacement of spontaneous division of labor by voluntary division of labor,this process of sublation and alienation is to realize the return of human nature.Marx’s theory of alienation takes the dissolution of human alienation as its foothold,and the ultimate goal of the dissolution of human alienation is to realize communism.From the analysis of labor alienation to the overall alienation of human beings,from the analysis of current economic reality to the prospect of human history,Marx’s theory of alienation is all standing on the humanist standpoint,from the perspective of historical development to examine the problem of alienation existing in human society.Therefore,only on the basis of the unity of humanism and historical materialism can we grasp Marx’s theory of alienation and reunderstand its profound connotation.