Research On Li Shuo's Yixue Thought From The Perspective Of Practical Learning

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,it was in the era of “the disintegration of the heavens and the earth”.The cultivation of mind and nature advocated by the Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties could no longer meet the needs of society for talents.With the budding of the capitalist economy,the times call for the arrival of “practical learning”.The northern scholars represented by Yan Yuan and Li Gong advocated “practical learning” which is centered on “practical economics”,while the southern scholars represented by Mao Qiling and Hu Wei praised the textual research of restoring the original meaning of the classics.After studying with Yan Yuan,Li Gong became an important successor of the “Yan-Li School”.With the purpose of spreading the“practical learning ”of “Yan-Li School”,Li Gong made extensive academic friends during his travels to the south,Li Gong had got acquainted with scholars such as Mao Qiling,Hu Wei,Yan Ruoqu,Sun Qifeng,Zhang Ersu,Zhao Siguang,etc.,and with the progress of learning the “six arts” and discussing theories with the southern scholars,Li Gong had continued to strengthen the theoretical system of “the practical learning” of “Yan-Li School”,and on this basis,he took over the important task of researching Zhou Yi.Li Gong claimed that the understanding of Zhou Yi must be based on the interpretation of the image-number.In addition to giving criticized theory of diagram and the prior Yi-ology which for criticizing the crankiness of Map Of River,Luo Book,Priori Map and Taiji diagram,Li Gong also used “the practical learning” of “Yan-Li School” to explain Zhou Yi and created Zhou Yi Zhuan Zhu for personnel,which left a strong and colorful part in the history of Yi-ology studies in the early Qing Dynasty.There are three methods for Li Gong's interpretation of Zhou Yi.One is expounding the meaning-pattern by image-number,The other two is proving Zhou Yi by history,explaining Zhou Yi by the Classics.In terms of image-number,the sayings of Li Dingzuo,Zhu Zhen,Lai Zhide,Mao Qiling and Hu Wei,and are mostly used,and the interpretation of the objects shows the tendency of Han Yi;in terms of argumentation,Li gong's Yi-ology is specializing the rights for people has formed the characteristics of mutual interpretation between Yi-ology and“the practical learning”of“Yan-Li School”.All in all,the Philosophy of Li gong's Yi-ology presents a tendency of materialism.In the view of IV heaven and man,it is believed that each person has its own affairs;In epistemology,it is proposed that“practice is prior to knowledge,but learning form book can get the knowledge”,and knowledge is obtained by practice,knowledge also can guide practice;in the concept of li and Qi,it is proposed that“no principle beyond material force”,“principle is contained in objects”,denying the existence of transcendental spiritual ontology;in the theory of human nature,it is considered that the form is without nature,and the nature is in the form.Li Gong points out that human nature is good,and denies the distinction between the nature conferred by Heaven with physical nature by Neo-Confucianists.;In the view of history,Li Gong holds a changing and development idea of history.Advocate reform of current disadvantages.In the view of justice and benefit,the reasonable pursuit of utilitarianism is affirmed;It's worth to know that Li Gong also inherited Mencius's view of“humanity can be displayed in practice”,advocating that people's subjective initiative should be exerted in practice.So Li Gong's Yi ology has not only theory but also practical care of social life.in the view of utility,they emphasize the application of learning and affirm the reasonable pursuit of utility.Li Gong's Yi-ology combined with the advocacy of Zhou Yi to discourse how the monarch and ministers practice the way of“the conveniences of life”and“the securing of abundant means of sustentation”.In addition,it also advocates practicing the“six arts”form“practical learning”.All in all,Li Gong opposed the Yiology's attention to nature and heaven during the Song and Ming dynasties,and Li Gong's Yi-ology has shown a tendency to be used exclusively for personnel affairs.Li Gong combined image-number,historical facts,and Classics,showing the thoughts of“practical learning”including Practical text,practical learning,entity,implementation,useful learning,advocating action in Yi-ology.In addition,it can be seen that Li Gong's Yi-ology's core is“Yi-ology can be used in daily life is Tao”,from the perspective of practical learning showing the humanistic care and the practical learning thoughts of mediating the universe,and benefiting the whole people.In addition,from a historical dimension,Li Gong's Yi-ology thought,it back to the image-number school's Yi ology of the Han Dynasty,to a certain extent promoted the revival of the Yi-ology during the Han Dynasty,and start the Sinology Renewal Movement in the early Qing Dynasty,and initiated the renewal movement of Sinology in the Qing Dynasty;take materialistic view of principle and material force's relationship,the theory of goodness of human nature and the thought of realizing the learning on human nature,the Mandate of Heaven,and principle made a great influence on Dai Zhen's philosophy;the advocate of the practical study in Li Gong's Yi-ology became a powerful ideological weapon for modern enlightenment thinkers.Therefore,Li Gong's Yi-ology thought with the characteristics of the“practical learning of Yan-Li School”and textual Research not only highlights the current situation and reasons of the Yi-ology in the early Qing Dynasty and the academic change in the Qing Dynasty,but also has great significance for later generations.