My Humble Opinion On The "class" Seen By Liye Qin Jian

"Ke"(“课”),from"try"extended out"examination class","levy taxes corvee"and other meaning.Due to material limitations,the study of"Ke"in previous slips is limited.Based on the materials of the new slips published in recent years,this paper reclassifies the"Ke"seen in Lie’s Qin slips into three categories:A"Ke"for storing titles and contents(存名目和内容的“课”);Ke Zhi Bamboo slips(课志简);Longer serve ke(视事课),and makes an in-depth analysis of them.Will remain the name and content of the "Ke" merge,do centralized discussion.This kind of "Ke" format is: year,month,day + official name + content + idioms such as a hand,retained sample,copy.In addition to the basic contents such as population,thieves,taxes,land reclamation,etc.the recorded courses also involve the examination of the postal process.The assessment time is many times a year,and there will be a big assessment at the end of the year.Results are divided into the most and the temple,and to reward and punishment,generally based on punishment.There will be heavy punishment for false examination.Ke Zhi Bamboo slips(课志简)is the integration of the ke.The format is X course record(one column);X specific course examination items+courses(column);·Copies of the number of lessons(column)are also retained.The content is the title of the course,mentioning slaves,soldiers,livestock and so on."Zhi"(“志”)is similar to"Ke"in content,form and semantics,so it can be conjugated with"Ke".In Qin,the"Ji"(“计”)and"Ke"(“课”)documents were separated,the"Ji Lu"(“计录”)brief was written by Cao Lie Cao,and the"Ke Zhi"(“课志”)brief was written by various officials.According to the meaning and form,the paper redefines Longer serve ke(视事课)and thinks that Longer serve ke is the statistics of the arrival time of specific officials in a certain institution.Format on the"see+to post record statistics"is essential.Procedures must first have in addition to the book to see things,and then is sent a book.In the statistics of the date of service,the work performance is not complete because of the uncertain inauguration day,sick leave and other reasons,and the situation of improper service is punished.The ministration is the data source of the official’s logging and reading documents and the merit documents,which shows the significance of the promotion of the grass-roots officials in Qin Dynasty.Qin’s document administration(文书行政)has been very mature,permeated with the ruling class’s ideology and discourse power.Documents were transferred from the Qin court to Dongting County,and then from Dongting County to Qianling County,and the transfer was efficient and timely.Therefore,Qin already had effective control over the counties.