Research On Function Words In "Jianshui Jinguan Han Slips"

The Jianshuijianguan(????)Bamboo Slip of the Han Dynasth were unearthed in the ruins of the Jianshui Jinguan beacon site of the han dynasty,which preserved many important documents from First year of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty to the First year of Emperor He of the Eastern Han Dynasty.Most of them were garrison documents of Han's frontier fortress and the content of them were very colorful and have higher value in many aspects.The study of Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty have been acquired many import achievements.However,the research of linguistics on Jinguan Banboo Slips of the Han Dynasty is very weak.Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty belong to the documents of garrison mostly and were mainly used in oral language,what's more they are invaluable for studying linguistic in view of their clear division of dynasty and huge amount.The study of grammar is an indispensable part of linguistics research,and function words are one of the important means of expression in Chinese grammar which play an important role in the grammatical structure,and have vast importance.In this paper,the function words in Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty were systematically sorted out and analyzed,and a comparative study was carried out.The full paper is divided into six parts:The first part is introduction.This chapter mainly introduces the research materials,the research status,the significance of the to pic selection and the method of this article.What's more,it's also introduces the definition of function words and the general appearance of function words in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty.Function words of the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty can be divided into four categories: prepositions,conjunctions,modal words and auxiliarywords,which are 53 and 2757 cases.The second part is the study of the prepositions.There are 18 prepositions in the Jinguan Bamboo Slip of the Han Dynasty,which are “Yi(?)” “Dao(?)” “Zhi(?)”“Zai(?)” “Jin(?)” “Ji(?)” “Qi(?)” “Bi(?)” “Zi(?)” “Cong(?)” “Yu(?)” “Yu(?)”“Yong(?)” “Yin(?)” “Wei(?)” “Yu(?)” “Ru(?)” “Zuo(?)”,and they can introduce the time,place,tools,object,reasons and aims.Prepositions with multi-functions were common in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty,more than one preposition belongs to two or more than two smaller classes.The number and the frequency of preposition in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty are very different,which the preposition of “Yi(?)”and “Ru(?)” have the highest frequency,and the preposition of“Qi(?)” have the lowest frequency.The third part is the study of conjunctions.The conjunctions in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty mostly inherired the pre-qin Chinese and it's usage has both inheritance and de velopment.There are 18 conjunctions in the Jianshuijianguan Bamboo Slip of the Han Dynasth,which are“Yu(?)”“Ji(?)”“Bing(?)”“Qie(?)”“Er(?)”“Ruo(?)”“Ji(?)”“Sui(?)”“Shang(?)”“Ji Ling(??)”“Huo(?)”“Yin(?)”“Yi(?)”“Gu(?)”“Yi Gu/Yi Ci/Shi Yi(??/??/??)”“You(?/?)”“Nai(?)”“Ze(?)”.The conjunctions in the Jinguan Bamboo Slip of the Han Dynasty are the multi-functional words.For example,the conjunction of“Er(?)”can be used as a subjunctive conjunction,a turning conjunction and a parallel conjunction.The conjunction of“Yi(?)”can be used a subjunctive conjunction,a causal conjunction and objective conjunction.The fourth part is the study of the modal particles and the auxiliary.There are 9modal particales in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty,which respectively is“Ye(?)”“Yi(?)”“Yi(?)”“Er(?)”“Er Yi(??)”“Yan(?)”“Hu(?/?)”“Zai(?)”“Ye(?)”.Among them the expression statement mood has“Ye(?)”“Yi(?)”“Yi(?)”“Er(?)”“Er Yi(??)”“Yan(?)”,and the modal particles of“Hu(?)”“Ye(?)”“Zai(?)”are to strengthen interrogative mood,and the modal particles of“Hu(?)”and“Zai(?)”are express the exclamatory mood.The modal particles in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty can be used in different types of sentences,but the moof of expressio n is relatively simple,and the basic mood is always maintained.The other mood is conveyed by other words or symbols in the sentence.The auxiliary words in the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty has three types:the auxiliary words of structure incl ude“Suo(?)”“Zhe(?)”“Zhi(?)”,the auxiliary words of table number of utterances include“Suo(?)”“Di(?)”“Yi Lai(??)”“Yu(?)”and the auxiliary words of enumeration include“Deng(?)”“Yun Yun(??)”.The fifth part is comparative study.On the basis of the whole visage of Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty,we are fully use of the study results obtained in the academic circle to make a comparison between the simultaneous and diachronic,mainly from the perspective of unearthed documents,so as to reveal the status of Jinguan Bamboo Slips of Han Dynasty in the history of Chinese development.The function words in Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty mostly inherited the Chinese of the Pre-qin,only 5 had come into being Han Dynasty,which them are causal preposition“zuo(?)”,coordinating,conjunction“bing(?)”,hypothetical conjunctionjiling(??)”,biaoshu auxiliary“di(?)”,emumerative auxiliary“yunyun(??)”.The usage of the function words in Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty have both inheritance and development compared with the Pre-qin.Both the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty and the Juyan(??)Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty belong to garrison documents,which of them the usage and function are the same most ly.However the number and usage of function words are vary due to the specific content.The six part is the appendix,which includes the index of function words of the Jinguan Bamboo Slips of the Han Dynasty and the catalogue of its binding works...