A Study On The Influence Of The Comintern And The Union And The Communist Party On The CCP's Policy On Rich Peasant

In the history of Chinese revolution,the land issue has always been a focus,and how to deal with the rich peasants is the key to the land issue.During the agrarian revolution,there was a complex relationship between the rich peasant policy of the Communist Party of China and the claims of the Communist International,which reflected the differences between the Communist Party of China and the Communist International,the Communist International and the United Communist Party(Bolshevik),the Communist Party of China and the United Communist Party(Bolshevik),and the internal differences of the Communist Party of China.A special study of the influence of the Comintern and the Communist Party of China(Bolshevik)on the rich peasant policy of the Communist Party of China during this period will help us to have a deep understanding of the Sinicization of Marxism and how the Communist Party of China gradually moved towards independence and then achieved growth and maturity.Based on the literature study of Marxist classical writers,this paper demonstrates the profound Marxist theoretical origin of the problem of "rich peasants".From Marx,Engels,Lenin and other Russian revolutionaries,the concept of "rich peasants",as an imported product,came into being with the rudiments of revolutionary practice,and completed the leap from "how to treat the rich peasants" to "how to treat the rich peasants",from theory to practice.It was from Russia that the early leaders of the Communist Party of China came into contact with the theory of rich peasants and applied it to the Chinese revolution.Due to the wrong guidance of the Comintern and the lack of mature revolutionary theory and rich practical experience of the new Communist Party of China,the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party failed.Before and after the failure of the Chinese revolution,there were different opinions within the Comintern on China's issues.The majority of them had serious right opportunism errors.In order to cover up such errors,the Comintern turned to adopt radical strategies on the issue of the rich peasants of the Communist Party of China.Although such errors were once resisted by the Communist Party of China,the revolutionary bases still suffered from different degrees" The effect of the "left" tilt error.In a sense,the CPC in this period became the victim of the internal struggle of the Comintern.The divergence of views within the Comintern intensified the "left" and "right" swing of the Communist Party on the issue of rich peasants.The wrong theory leads to the wrong practice,which makes the Chinese revolution before the Sixth National Congress suffer a great setback.After experiencing the setbacks on the issue of rich peasants before and after the failure of the great revolution,and after the "Sixth National Congress" of the Communist Party of China,the Communist Party gradually realized that the center of the land issue is the ownership issue.We should affirm the private ownership of land and the economy of the rich peasants,and we must implement the policy of attacking and depriving the rich peasants indiscriminately,and then neutral the rich peasants,and unite the rich peasants to carry out the Land Revolutionary War.At the same time,the contradiction of the instructions from the Communist International to China in this period made it possible for the Communist Party to deal with the problem of rich peasants in combination with its own reality,and Mao Zedong took this opportunity to amend his radical approach to rich peasants,no longer emphasizing the confiscation of all land unilaterally,but adopting the policy of confiscating land conditionally,thus laying a foundation for the adjustment of the policy of rich peasants of the Communist Party of China.However,just at this time,the Soviet Union broke out the "food purchase crisis".Because Stalin and Bukharin had different opinions on food,Stalin led an anti rich peasant movement in the Soviet Union.Under the pressure of the Communist Party of China(Bolshevik),the Communist International suddenly put forward the theory of "the third period".With the help of the theory of the third period,the thought of "anti rich peasants" quickly spread to the rich peasants' policy of the Communist Party of China,which changed the policy of the Communist Party from the neutral rich peasants to the policy of abandoning the neutral rich peasants.The revolutionary practice of each revolutionary base area appeared repeatedly.In sharp contrast,Mao Zedong made a practical and realistic investigation of seeking for the Ukraine,and put forward the principles of "drawing more to make up for less" and "drawing fat to make up for less"in dealing with the problem of rich peasants,which provided a specific path for the correct solution of the problem of rich peasants.Subsequently,the "international faction" supported by the Communist Party of China(Bolshevik)and the Communist International continued to implement the "left" policy on the problem of rich peasants,and launched The campaign to find out the class.In the face of the "left" errors in the field investigation campaign,Mao Zedong corrected them when he took over the campaign.He not only put forward the problem of correctly distinguishing the landlords from the rich peasants and not excessively attacking the rich peasants,but also stopped the wrong tendency of infringing upon the middle peasants and mistaking them into the rich peasants while avoiding excessively attacking the rich peasants.In addition,he stopped the excessive behavior in the field investigation campaign and made the field investigation campaign The panic situation caused by it has been greatly improved,and finally the objective standard of dividing the rich peasants has been put forward,which has surpassed the thinking of "left" class struggle.After 1934,on the one hand,due to the interruption of the contact between the CPC and the Comintern during the Long March,on the other hand,because the Comintern overcame the "left" error and relaxed the control over the international branches,the internal relationship between the CPC and the Comintern weakened.Just at this time,the Zunyi Conference ended Wang Ming's "left" dogmatism and established the correct leadership represented by Mao Zedong;in addition,the national contradictions between China and Japan rose to the main contradictions in Chinese society,all of these reasons made the CPC's decision-making gradually get rid of the shadow of the Comintern.In practice,the Communist Party of China gave up the strategy of stepping up anti rich peasants in the later period of the field investigation movement,took the rich peasants as a revolutionary force that could be united and gave them proper political rights;and then allowed the rich peasants to develop capitalist production,which not only achieved "reasonable,advantageous and moderate" to the greatest extent,but also promoted the Anti Japanese national unity The formation of the first front also reflects the CPC's correct judgment on the nature of the new democratic revolution.The Communist Party of China gradually got rid of the influence of the United Communist Party(Bolshevik)and the Communist International on the Communist Party of China,and embarked on the independent Chinese revolutionary road.Up to now,the thought of the United Front is still one of the important experiences of the Communist Party of China.The evolution of the rich peasant policy of the Communist Party of China during the agrarian revolution has left the Enlightenment of the Chinese revolution,construction and the reform of the new era for a long time.