A Study On The Characteristics Of Proactive Inhibition And Mind Wandering In Children With Learning Difficulties

The poor performance of working memory in children with learning difficulties has been widely confirmed.Its capacity reflects the size of the individual's control and maintenance attention resources under the stimulus of disturbance When irrelevant information is present,individuals with high working memory capacity can better focus on the current task,suppress irrelevant information,and reduce the frequency of mind wandering.Proactive inhibition,as the core mechanism of working memory,influences the frequency of mind wandering by affecting the working memory capacity.In this study,children with learning difficulties were selected as the research objects through tests,questionnaires and surveys.In order to better analyze the characteristics and mechanisms of proactive inhibition and mind wandering in children with learning difficulties,normal children were also selected as the control group.Measured by the 1-back task of proactive inhibition,by comparing the learning difficulties in children and normal children in recent negative probes with the no n-recent probes differences in reaction time and accuracy,to reflect the subjects proactive inhibition ability.For the mind wandering measurement with the method of combining subjective and objective indicators,with the mind wandering frequency questionnaire.And the Sustained Attention to Response Task(SART)were used to measure the level of mental wandering in everyday situations and under laboratory conditions.The results of this study are as follows:(1)Both children with learning difficulties and normal children are affected by proactive inhibition,but the influence degree is different.Learning difficulties are more affected by proactive inhibition,showing obvious impulsive response style.(2)Compared with normal children,children with learning difficulties have higher frequency of mind wandering.(3)Proactive inhibition can predict the frequency of mind wandering in children with learning difficulties.(4)There were significant differences in the frequency of proactive inhibition and mind wandering among children with learning difficulties in different grades.With the increase of grades,the influence of proactive inhibition on children with learning difficulties became smaller and the frequency of mind wandering decreased.