Research On Cultivating Students' Scientific Reasoning Ability In Physics Experiment Teaching In Grade One Of Senior High School

With the development of society,school education is constantly changing,integrating a large amount of timeliness knowledge into classroom teaching.Education should not only enable students to master basic knowledge,but also help students cultivate various abilities in the process of acquiring knowledge to develop students' thinking and enable students to explore the unknown world with their existing knowledge system.As an important part of scientific thinking in the core literacy of physics,scientific reasoning ability plays a very important role in this process.The research results of many researchers on the development of scientific reasoning ability of primary and middle school students and college students show that the development level of students' scientific reasoning is not ideal,so the task of cultivating students' scientific reasoning ability is more important.There are many researches on the cultivation of students' abilities in physics classroom teaching.Physics experiments are an important part of physics classroom teaching,and there are many studies on the development of students' abilities in physics experimental teaching,which is mainly on the development of creative ability,logical thinking ability and hands-on ability,but there are not many studies on the development of students' scientific reasoning ability in physics classroom teaching and experimental teaching.In this study,the author found that physics experimental teaching can meet the principles of scientific reasoning ability cultivation,so this paper focuses on cultivating students' scientific reasoning ability in high school physics experimental teaching.In this study,literature research method,experimental research method,questionnaire survey method and interview method are used in the following three steps:Firstly,the first-year students of a senior high school in Jinan are selected as the research object,and the LCTSR scale is used to measure the development level of each dimension of their scientific reasoning ability.Secondly,the author uses a questionnaire to find out the problems existing in the process of physics experiment teaching in senior high school from three aspects: students,teachers and schools.Thirdly,the author interviews physics teachers in front-line senior high school,and combines the interviews results with the investigation results of the first two steps.Then,the author analyzes the shortcomings of cultivating students' scientific reasoning ability in the current physics experiment teaching and draws the following conclusions:The main results are as follows: 1.most of the students are in the stage of formal operation in the level of cognitive development,and only some students are in the stage of post-formal operation.The development level of each dimension of students' scientific reasoning ability is different,and the students' score are higher in the dimensions of conservation reasoning and probabilistic reasoning,while the scores are lower in the dimensions of related reasoning,control variable reasoning,hypothetical deductive reasoning and proportional reasoning.In addition,there are differences in the development level of scientific reasoning among students of different genders;2.both teachers and students can realize the importance of physics experiment,but the implementation of physics experiment class is not in place,in addition,the school physics experiment equipment can not meet the needs of students and teachers;3.teachers need to acquire more knowledge about scientific reasoning ability,and the teaching methods to promote students' scientific reasoning ability need to be optimized.Finally,according to the differences,problems and deficiencies in the development of students' scientific reasoning ability,the author finds out the reasons leading to the problems in the development of students' scientific reasoning ability,and puts forward targeted teaching strategies on these reasons.What's more,the author implements teaching strategies and analyzes its effectiveness,providing some references for senior high school physics teachers to cultivate students' scientific reasoning ability.