A Comparative Study Of Mathematics Probability In Senior High Schools Of China And America

Textbook is a text material specially compiled according to the purpose of education,also taking into account the students' cognitive learning level and characteristics of physical and mental development.Analyzing textbooks of a country is helpful to understand the educational philosophy of this country,so you can selectively refer to it,absorb meaningful and worthy parts to improve and perfect the compilation of textbooks.This article focuses on the layout and content arrangement,compares the probability content of Chinese PEP A and American Glencoe to find the similarities and differences between the two editions.The layout is compared from the chapter head,section organization,activity organization and chapter summary.The content arrangement is compared from the arrangement of knowledge content and core contents processing.The selected core contents are independent events,dependent events and product events probability calculation,mean and variance of random variables,binomial distribution and normal distribution.The following conclusions are obtained through comparison:(1)In terms of layout,from appearance of books,Glencoe is brighter than PEP A.At the beginning of the chapter,PEP A sets up a base map and text to introduce this chapter,Glencoe sets a base map and modules such as learning goals.In terms of section organization,PEP A arranges text to link the previous and next to introduce this section,sets up thinking,inquiry,and observation links to deep exploration,arranges historical source of concept,problem-based annotation,and extended detailed explanation of the knowledge.Glencoe arranges learning objectives and important concept vocabulary to introduce this section,sets GET READY for the Lesson,CONCEPT SUMMARY,KEY CONCEPT modules to clarify the key points,and arranges three types of notes Study Tip,Reading Math,and Real-World Link to explain the content.In terms of activity organization,PEP A arranges three activities:reading and thinking,inquiry and discovery,information technology application,while Glencoe arranges experimental operation activities.At the chapter summary,PEP A sets up knowledge structure diagram and content review and thinking.Glencoe sets up Key Concept,Key Vocabulary and Vocabulary Check to focus on the important concept vocabulary.(2)In terms of knowledge organization,PEP A arranges in a straight line in,and Glencoe arranges in a spiral presentation.In the part of random events,PEP A has more contents than Glencoe.arrangement starts from the event relationship and obtains the probability calculation methods through the nature of probability and independent events.then conditional probability and total probability formula deepen and supplement the probability calculation.Glencoe focuses on the probability calculation of random events,arrangement also succinctly presents the relationship and probability calculation of events.In the random variable part,there is no big difference in contents between two editions.The difference in content arrangement is the position of continuous random variable distributions and discrete random variable distributions.(3)In terms of core content processing,firstly,PEP A has varieties of lead-in methods,and arranges thinking or inquiry links to enhance students' participation.Glencoe does not have lead-in links,the arrangement of knowledge is simple and clear.Secondly,the focus on normal distribution and dependent event between PEP A and Glencoe is different.Thirdly PEP A displays the formation and source of knowledge in the binomial distribution and dependent events and probability calculation.Glencoe directly presents knowledge in the textbook.