Research On The Educational Value Of The History Of Physics In High School Teaching

The emphasis on the history of physics in the curriculum standards of several curriculum reforms in our country reflects the educational value of the history of physics.The majority of middle school physics teachers have also re-recognized the educational function and value of the history of physics.Integrating the history of physics into physics teaching and realizing the educational value of the history of physics has become a hot spot in physics teaching in my country.This research is based on the theory of educational reenactment and constructivism,and under the guidance of the theoretical framework of educational value,statistical analysis of the 2002 "Full-time General Senior Middle School Physics Syllabus" and the 2003 "General Senior High School Physics Curriculum Standard(Experimental Edition))"and the 2017 "High School Physics Curriculum Standards" on the educational value of physics history,analyze the physics in the high school physics textbooks compiled under the guidance of these three editions of curriculum standards from the perspective of presentation content and presentation methods.Study history.The results show that the value orientation of the curriculum standards for the history of physics has shifted from emphasizing the cultivation of students' knowledge and personality quality,to emphasizing the value of knowledge and personality,highlighting the requirements of method value and ability value,and then to the explicit strengthening of physics.The method value and ability value of history reflect the rich connotation of the educational value of the history of physics,and also demonstrate the diversified development trend of the educational value of the history of physics.The frequency of appearance of the history of physics in the three editions of textbooks is also increasing,and it is more and more balanced in different dimensions of educational value,paying more attention to the all-round development of students.The content of the history of physics not only appears in the text of the textbook,which highlights the educational value from four dimensions;it also strengthens the ability value of the history of physics through scientific footprints,scientific walks and exercises,emphasizes the value of personality quality through STS and STSE,and through marginal notes and The generalization of the scientific method emphasizes the value of the method.Attempt to gradually penetrate the educational value contained in the history of physics through different textbook content modules.In order to truly implement the educational value of the history of physics,it is necessary to grasp the main position of high school physics teaching practice.For this reason,this research designs a questionnaire from the theoretical framework of educational value,from the mastery of the history of physics and the educational value of the history of physics.The investigation of the knowledge and practice of physics teachers in middle school on the value of education in several aspects,the attitude towards the integration of the history of physics into classroom teaching and the application of the history of physics.The analysis found that the frontline teachers need to master the knowledge of the history of physics.Strengthen,as a whole,teachers have better grasp of the history of physics related to electricity and mechanics than heat and optics;the higher the recognition of the educational value of the history of physics,the more inclined the teachers to integrate the history of physics into their teaching Take the initiative,and more actively integrate the history of physics into teaching practice.At the same time,it is also found that the resources for effectively applying the history of physics to physics teaching are relatively lacking.Few schools offer school-based courses related to the history of physics,and teachers generally hope to obtain more high-quality demonstration resources.Therefore,it is worth exploring vigorously to develop middle school physics experiments from the perspective of the development of physics history and to dig out new ideas for teaching design.Teaching practice is strongly related to the value orientation of evaluation.For this reason,the study statistically analyzed the history of physics-related test questions and the educational value embodied in 77 sets of national college entrance examination papers in the past ten years.The question types of the academic history-related examination questions are relatively single,mostly multiple-choice questions;the content of the examination mostly focuses on mechanics and electromagnetics,while the heat and optics are less;and the main examination is the knowledge value and ability value of the history of physics,method value and personality Examination of quality value is very rare.From the perspective of the requirements of the curriculum standard and the comprehensive development of students,the evaluation of physics teaching should focus on the assessment of methods and personality values,so as to provide guidance for the practice of physics teaching.In order to give full play to the educational value of the history of physics in teaching practice,the study proposes corresponding solutions:strengthening the training of the content of the history of physics and the educational value of the history of physics for frontline teachers;optimizing the content of the history of physics;mining physics Historical materials,vigorously develop relevant high school physics curriculum resources,including extracting method value and ability value from the design process of classic physics experiments,extracting method value and individual quality value from the development of ancient Chinese physics history,and from the development of physics Refining methods and personality values from mistakes and setbacks,integrating HPS education concepts into high school physics teaching,etc.