Research On The Training System Of Middle School Teachers During The Nanjing National Government Period

Before the establishment of Nanjing National Government,the promulgation of the new school system in 1922 greatly increased the number of middle schools and students.At the same time,the reform of higher normal schools has raised doubts about the quality of teacher training in middle schools and hindered the growth of the number of teachers in middle schools.The demand of middle school teachers is increasing,but the quantity and quality are uneven,which needs to be solved urgently.Therefore,the Nanjing National Government has been trying to solve these problems since its establishment,and has strictly controlled the standards of qualified teachers by formulating the constitution of normal colleges,the system of teachers' further study and the system of teacher qualification verification.In addition,education experts have also published views on teacher training,and discussed such issues as teacher literacy standards,teacher training and teacher salary assessment,which enriched the content of teacher training and management in middle schools.So,the author chose the middle school teacher training system in the period of Nanjing National Government as the research object,and interpreted the relevant historical materials of middle school teachers in this period,such as policies and regulations,works,newspaper and periodical articles and so on.This paper explores the selection criteria,training and management measures and policies of the state and educational institutions for middle school teachers in this period,and uses the comparative study method and the case study method to study the implementation of teacher training institutions during the Period of Nanjing National Government.On this basis,summarizes the characteristics and development trend of teacher training in middle schools during the Period of Nanjing National Government,and explores the appearance of qualified teachers in this period.This paper is divided into three parts.The first part introduces the general situation of middle school teachers during the period of Nanjing National Government.From the perspective of development,the number of middle school teachers in this period was on the rise,and the educational level of middle school teachers was improved compared with that before the nationalist government.Nearly half of the teachers graduated from ordinary universities and normal universities.But in the process of development,the number of teachers in middle schools is also in short supply,lack of professional training,and low job stability,which prompted the Ministry of Education of the National Government from the pre-service training and on-the-job training two aspects of the promulgation of a series of policies and regulations on the training of middle school teachers,with a view to solving the problems of in middle school teachers.The second part expounds the pre-service training system of middle school teachers in the period of Nanjing National Government.The evolution of teacher training system in middle schools during this period can be divided into two stages,the first stage from 1928 to 1936,basically followed the national government before the training of the old system.The second stage is marked by the publication of the 1938 Normal College Rules,and establishes and perfects the pre-service training system with the normal college as the main body.The thesis compares teaching objectives,school-running mode,admission qualification,department and curriculum setting,teaching practice and graduation service and other five aspects.The third part expounds the in-service training system of middle school teachers in the period of Nanjing National Government.In the early period of the nationalist government,the in-services training system of teachers focused on summer school,summer assembly and other holiday training.Later,due to the establishment of the normal college,middle school teachers' class for advanced studies were set up around the normal college,which were more standardized and professional than previous holiday training.In the later period of the national government,the emphasis of teacher training began to pay attention to the cultivation of teaching and research ability of middle school teachers.It clarified the working rules of the middle school subject research association,and encouraged middle school teachers to conduct research and investigation through the system of furlur and further study,so as to improve the academic research level of middle school teachers.By organizing the middle school teacher training system,Nanjing National Government period for middle school teachers' qualifications,professional and subject knowledge,teaching ability,academic research ability,lifelong learning ability,moral quality and so on have attached great importance.It can be said that the Nanjing National Government period for the quality of middle school teachers are all-round requirements,and only with these qualities can you become a truly qualified high school teacher.