Study On Organic Chemistry Teaching In Senior High School Based On Organic Chemistry Test In National College Entrance Examination Paper

Organic chemistry is a compulsory part of national college entrance examination,and the knowledge of organic chemistry occupies an irreplaceable position in chemistry in middle schools.At the same time,it also provides key theoretical basis for production and life,ranging from daily life to the construction of national defense,the research and development of new substances,the comprehensive treatment of "three wastes in industrial production ",the synthesis of specific drugs and the protection of the environment.Learning organic chemistry well can lay a solid foundation for the study of college chemistry.The national college entrance examination is a selective examination.In order to provide qualified talents for colleges and universities,teachers should do a good job in subject teaching based on "national college entrance examination",and use national college entrance examination questions to guide teaching.In order to grasp the baton of college entrance examination,studying national college entrance examination is the only way,and one of the effective methods is to study national college entrance examination questions.Based on this purpose,the author makes statistics and analysis on the required and selected questions of organic chemistry in the national college entrance examination chemistry papers from 2018 to 2020(which are optional compulsory part under the new college entrance examination mode),and finds that the examination forms of organic questions are diverse and the perspective is novel,and the questions are closely related to the production and life as well as the frontier of science and technology;The knowledge examined in the national college entranceexamination is the fundemental parts of organic chemistry,and it also comprehensively examines students' key abilities and subject qualities.In addition,the organic chemistry questions in the national college entrance examination chemistry papers from 2018 to2020 have the following characteristics:(1)Question types of test questions: multiple-choice questions,fill-in-the-blank questions and organic process inference questions.There is no difference in the question types of test questions in volumes I,II and III nationwide;(2)The number of test questions and the proportion of scores: the number of test questions is between 2 and 6;The total score of chemistry is 100,and the score of organic chemistry accounts for 21%-38% of the total score;(3)Examination content: In summary,it is the composition,structure,properties and comprehensive application of organic substance;(4)Proposition angle: The proposition angles of the required and the selected questions are not always same.There are five main types of the required examination questions:(1)Examination of basic experiments in organic chemistry;(2)Examination of isomers;(3)Examnination of the composition,structure and properties of organic substances,based on the constitutional formula of which are the organic chemicals,drugs or other strange organic substances selected from the latest research;(4)Examination of basic nutrients;(5)Examination of comprehensive ability of experiment.Most of them appeared in fill-in-the-blank questions,which are comprehensive chemical experiments based on the synthesis of organic compounds.The proposition angle of the selected questions is relatively stable every year:(1)Write the chemical name of organic substance according to the simplified structural formula;(2)Write the names of functional groups according to the simplified structural formula;(3)Judging the reaction type of chemical substance transformation;(4)Inferring the simplified structural formula of strange organic substance;(5)Find out the type or number of isomers,or write out the simplified structural formula of isomers under limited conditions;(6)Write unfamiliar equations correctly;(7)Design organic synthesis route with reference to the information in the examination questions.(5)The presentation modes of test questions: the word expression type,the experimental device drawing type,the table type,the picture and word combination type,as well as the picture,word and table combination type.The most adopted presented way in 2018-2020 is the type of combination of pictures and words,followed by the type of expression of words.The author makes a statistical analysis of the data of two questionnaires of students in the experimental class and the parallel class of Heihe No.1 Middle School,and has a more comprehensive understanding of the students' situation;The analysis of the syllabus of national college entrance examination chemistry and the study of senior high school chemistry textbooks clarify the consistency and differences between them and national college entrance examination questions;The analysis of typical national college entrance examination questions from 2018 to 2020 further deepens the understanding and grasp of college entrance examination questions.On the basis of the above research,the author puts forward the teaching strategy of organic chemistry based on the national college entrance examination questions:(1)Grasp the outline,return to the textbooks and lay a solid foundation;(2)Digging deep into college entrance examination questions and developing organic chemistry teaching new methods and strategies based on college entrance examination questions;(3)The teaching of organic chemistry should not only aim at the frontier,but also closely contact with the reality of production and life;(4)Change teaching ideas to meet students' development needs.The author believes that this study can summarize the characteristics and trends of organic chemistry questions in college entrance examination,and has a certain enlightening effect on the review and preparation of organic chemistry questions in the national college entrance examination for high school students,and has a higher reference value for the chemistry teaching of chemistry teachers who are in senior school.