Research On The Characteristics Of The Cognitive Structure Of Chemistry Among Junior Middle School Students

The ultimate goal of chemistry teaching is to enable students to construct a good chemistry cognitive structure.A good chemistry cognitive structure can help students actively assimilate knowledge of the subject,solve practical problems,and build a learning platform with other subjects.Understanding and optimizing the students’ original cognitive structure has certain significance for chemistry teaching.The chapter of "The Mystery of Material Composition" is the starting point for students to get in touch with the microcosm for the first time.Whether they can master this part of the knowledge well will play an extremely important role in the entire third-year chemistry and later learning.This research selects specific knowledge fields and uses "The Mystery of Material Composition" as the content to explore the cognitive structure of junior high school students in ethnic minority areas,with a view to suggesting how to pay attention to the construction of a good chemical cognitive structure for students in compulsory education chemistry teaching Suggestions.This research mainly uses literature method,flow chart method,interview method,questionnaire survey method and other methods to carry out research.Through literature analysis,it summarizes the aspects of "chemical cognitive structure","cognitive structure of students in minority areas",and "mystery of material composition".Then use the flow chart method to explore the cognitive structure of the junior middle school students in a certain state of Qinghai Province in the field of "the mystery of material composition",draw a flow chart of the tested students ’ chemical cognitive structure,and summarize the students The characteristics of chemical cognitive structure..Finally,use interview method and questionnaire survey method to explore the factors that affect the cognitive structure of junior high school students in minority areas,and put forward corresponding suggestions.By analyzing the variables and content of the tested students ’ chemical cognitive structure,the following conclusions can be drawn: the chemical cognitive structure of most students needs to be optimized,and there are significant differences in the chemical cognitive structure of different students;families,schools and students Personality characteristics have an important influence on students ’ chemistry cognitive structure;most students have relatively low knowledge breadth,richness,and integration in the process of learning the content of the chapter "The Mystery of Material Composition",and have more misdescriptions.More,the rate of information extraction is slow and more low-level information processing strategies such as definitions and descriptions are used;most students have difficulties in learning "relative atomic mass","electron arrangement outside the nucleus",and "element".Most students have strong mechanical memory ability and experimental operation ability.Based on this,the following suggestions are made:(1)Parents need to strengthen communication with the school to create a good family learning atmosphere;(2)Teachers should fully consider the characteristics of students in ethnic minority areas,appropriately change teaching methods in teaching,and attach importance to students Cultivation of the cognitive structure of chemistry;(3)Students must correct their attitudes towards learning chemistry,inspire correct learning motivation,need to cultivate their interest in chemistry,find suitable chemistry learning methods and develop good learning habits.