The Influence Of Community Built Environment On Physical Activity Of Junior Middle School Students

Objective: Worldwide,physical inactivity has become a pandemic,with more than four-fifths of children and adolescents in the world having physical inactivity,and Chinese children and adolescents are no exception.As an indispensable place for children and adolescents to do physical activities,community can provide more opportunities for children and adolescents to do physical activities.Moreover,a large number of foreign literatures have proved that community built environment can affect the physical and mental health of children and adolescents.At present,there are few domestic researches on the influence of community built environment on children and adolescents' physical activity,most of which focus on the influence of school and the built environment around school on children and adolescents' physical activity.So this research is mainly to explore the community built environment's influence on adolescent physical activity,and selected parts of nanjing teenagers as sample,objectively measure the physical activity,and adolescent measurement results will match the built environment characteristics of the community,to explore the community built environment factors affecting adolescent physical activity,To find out the spatial characteristics of the community built environment suitable for adolescents' physical activity.Methods: In this study,a total of 126 students(64 boys and 62 girls)from two classes of Grade 1 and Grade 2 were collected from the study area by means of Convenience Sampler and wore Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer for one week.The amount of physical activity in 5 school days and 2 rest days of junior middle school students was measured.After screening,the valid data samples were 95(47 boys and 48 girls).In this study,three kinds of measurement methods were used to collect the characteristics of community built environment by constructing a comprehensive data set of three kinds of data fusion.This article USES the "scale of middle school students' community walking ability" acquisition adolescent subjective data of its community built environment characteristics,the researchers used the community environmental audit questionnaire(through auditing tool for community and communities around the micro environmental design)of youth community micro spatial characteristics of objective evaluation,Arc GIS10.2 as the platform,The spatial characteristics in the 1000-meter buffer zone of the residential community of teenagers were analyzed,and three kinds of data measuring the characteristics of the built environment of the community were fused,and then the relationship between the characteristics of the built environment of the community and the physical activities of teenagers was explored.The independent sample T test was used to analyze the differences in physical activity between genders,and the linear correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of community built environment and adolescents' physical activity,with the data of physical activity as the dependent variable and all the data of built environment as the independent variable.Results: The physical activity measurement results of junior high school students showed:The average MVPA of boys on school days was36.65±17.97min/d,girls on school days was 30.23±14.51 min/d,boys on rest days was 29.63±28.61 min/d,girls on rest days was 36.65±17.97min/d19.22 + /-16.20min/d.No matter on school day or rest day,the average daily MVPA physical activity of male and female students did not reach the recommended amount of WHO.The MVPA on school day was 18.60±11.23 min/d for boys and 15.54±9.40min/d for girls.Adolescent had insufficient physical activity in the community built environment.The results of correlation analysis of community built environment and physical activity on off-school days and rest days show that: in terms of community land mixed use degree,the overall design of residential areas and commercial service facilities and reasonable design of public open space are positively correlated with off-school physical activity of junior middle school students on school days.In terms of traffic network,road lighting facilities,road construction quality and speed limit around the community are positively correlated with the amount of physical activity during the off-school days of junior high school students,while the number of intersections around the community is negatively correlated with the amount of physical activity during the off-school days and off-school days of junior high school students.In terms of destination accessibility,"walking to outdoor sports venues or indoor sports venues within 10 minutes" was negatively correlated with physical activity on off-school and rest days of junior middle school students,and there was no significant difference.Landscape aesthetic quality: cleanliness of public space,park/playground design,road hygiene near residential,greening of roads near residential,number of dead alleys near residential,road hygiene near residential were positively correlated with physical activity time during off-school days of junior middle school students.The road health in the residential area,the greening of the road near the residential area,and the road health near the residential area were positively correlated with the physical activity time during the off-school period of junior middle school students on school days,which was statistically significant.In terms of safety features,the number of speed limit signs near the residence and the general slow speed of vehicles are positively correlated with the time of physical activity during off-school days of junior middle school students.Conclusion: The daily SD time of junior high school students in Yuhuatai District of Nanjing is relatively long,among which the female students are higher than the male students.The daily MVPA physical activity of junior high school students did not reach the recommended amount of WHO,but the MVPA of male students was higher than that of female students.The more reasonable design of residential areas,commercial service facilities and public open places around junior high school students' living will promote their off-school physical activities on school days.Road lighting and road quality as well as speed limits around the community promoted physical activity above LPA on school days for junior high school students.Cleanliness of public Spaces,the provision of open Spaces,greening of roads,the number of dead ends and speed limits for vehicles are conducive to increasing off-school physical activity on school days.However,the more intersecting roads around the community and the indoor and outdoor sports places within the non-walking range have hindered the middle school students from doing more than moderate intensity physical activities on school days and off-school days.Improving the community built environment of junior high school students is helpful to increase the amount of physical activity of students,but attention should be paid to increasing the number of subjects and the difference of social demographic characteristics in order to improve the accuracy of the influence of community built environment and physical activity.