Analysis And Suggestions On Scientific Inquiry Examination In The College Entrance Examination Of Biology

Senior high school biology curriculum standard(2017 edition 2020revision)(hereinafter referred to as the new curriculum standard)clearly points out that scientific inquiry is an important part of the core literacy of biology.Scientific inquiry is of great significance to the cultivation of students' scientific thinking and the exploration of the essence and laws of life phenomena.As an experimental science,experiment is usually the embodiment of scientific inquiry in biology teaching.College Entrance Examination is an important examination for talent selection in China.Therefore,analyzing the biology examination in college entrance examination from the aspects of examination type,proportion,content and characteristics is beneficial to meeting the needs of curriculum reform,promoting the development of teachers and students,and even providing a reference for the design of biology examination questions.This study takes scientific inquiry questions less systematically studied from the biology examination as the research object.After analyzing 19 sets of biology exams from the national volumes over the past five years,and referring to the study of the assessment content for scientific inquiry from Teaching and Evaluation of Biology Core Literacy by Chengjun Wu,Most of the test questions are based on experiments,biotechnology and engineering practice as well as simulation investigation.They cover a wide range of knowledge and have a strong pertinence and research value.Based on the requirements of the scientific inquiry literacy level of the new curriculum standard and the examination outline(2019 edition)on the ability of experiment and inquiry,combining the source of the content or situation of the examination questions and the characteristics of the examination questions,the examinations of scientific inquiry are divided into four categories: experiment of the curriculum standard,experiment of the history of science,experiment of the expansion of textbooks and experimental designs.According to the distribution of tests and the analysis of examples,we can get the following conclusions: The curriculum standard requires the experimental class pay special attention to the examination of experimental phenomena,experimental principles and methods,the selection of experimental materials,the role of experimental reagents,and the observation and analysis of experimental results;The experimental category of science history pays attention to restoring the rigor of scientists when they did experiments at that time,and examines more about experimental ideas,comparative settings and experimental conclusions;Expanding experiments are mostly based on textbook experiment,but with a larger amount of text stem to test students 'ability of examining questions,obtaining information,chart analysis and deductive reasoning.Besides,it also examine students ability of knowledge transfer and application ability of using textbook core knowledge to explain and solve practical problems in life;The experimental design category focuses on examining students' grasp of experimental variables,the design of feasible experimental schemes,the analysis of experimental phenomena and the explanation of results,which requires students to have a strong experimental design ability and logical reasoning ability and language expression ability,making it more difficult.The conclusions are as follows: scientific inquiry questions accounted for a large proportion;combination of scientific inquiry and scientific thinking;the test of curriculum standard experiment and teaching material experiment expansion are highlighted;the situation creation is more real or combined with the forefront of science and technology;comprehensive test to the experiment,highlighting the experimental ideas of the test.It is predicted that the proportion of scientific inquiry questions in 2021 ?2022 will be between 70% and 80% in the national paper of scientific inquiry questions in 2021,and may decrease to about 50% in 2022.Combined with the above analysis and conclusions,we put forward preliminary suggestions to school,teaching,each round of review preparation for senior three students and the construction of test questions.Suggestions for schools: schools should strengthen the construction of biological laboratories,improve the treatment of laboratory teachers,and enhance the subjective willingness of teachers to carry out experiments.Suggestions for teaching at ordinary times: apply scientific inquiry process to carry out teaching and guide students to actively observe and think;Pay attention to the curriculum experiment,changing knowledge into ability;Pay attention to experimental operation to cultivate students' practical ability and scientific inquiry ability;Students should be guided to analyze classic experiments in the history of science and summarize scientific methods.Carry out extra-curricular inquiry and develop scientific inquiry literacy.Suggestions for college entrance examination review: Suggestions for the first round of review:summarize the high-frequency test points,learn to transfer knowledge and apply it in newsituations;Analyze the tests of College Entrance Exam and build the analysis model of experimental questions.Suggestions for the second round of review: appropriate expansion and extension,reflecting the characteristics of the subject;Reflect the real situation and strengthen the problem solving ability;Pay emphasis to the cultivation and application of hypothesis deductive method in the analysis of genetic law;Deepen the special topic,the standard college entrance examination evaluation system;Pay attention to the hot spots of biological development and increase experience.Suggestions for the third round of review: adjust the mental state,set up special topics to improve the comprehensive discipline quality.Suggestions for students: In the study process,students should pay attention to cooperative inquiry learning,and be diligent in expressing,communicating and discussing.When answering questions,we should pay attention to the application of biological technical terms.When correcting mistakes and preparing for exams,we should insist on returning to teaching.Suggestions for test designers: Based on the history of life science and related experiments in the current hot areas of biological development as the background,or to create a situation based on production and living practice,combined with the requirements of the textbook and the new curriculum standard,design the experimental questions reasonably designed to test students' scientific inquiry literacy.