Analysis Of Physical Geography Test Questions In National College Entrance Examination Volume From 2017 To 2020

College entrance examination plays an important role in directing and guiding middle school education in China.With the deepening and implementation of the new curriculum reform,various disciplines pay more attention to the research of college entrance examination questions.Physical geography is not only an important part of geography knowledge in senior high school,but also the key basis for solving geography questions in college entrance examination,and its score accounts for a large proportion in college entrance examination.Using the method of literature research,it is found that although the research of Geography in the college entrance examination has a certain depth and breadth,it is mainly the overall research of the examination paper,and lacks the literature of taking the physical geography examination as the research object.In order to explore the trend and characteristics of the physical geography examination questions in the national college entrance examination from 2017 to2020,106 physical geography questions were selected as the research objects.The analysis of physical geography examination questions is mainly divided into two parts: Characteristic Analysis and difficulty analysis.The first part adopts the method of statistical analysis and case analysis to analyze the characteristics of the examination questions in the form,content,key ability and geographical core literacy as follows:in the form of examination,the number of multiple-choice questions and non multiple-choice questions in the physical geography examination questions fluctuates little every year,and the examination score is stable at about 48% of the total score of the examination paper;in the form of examination,the number of multiple-choice questions and non multiple-choice questions fluctuates little The most frequently used types of questions are cause analysis,and "explain","analyze" and "point out" are the three most frequently used action verbs.The background materials of the questions are mainly presented by the combination of pictures and texts,among which the regional map and schematic map are the most frequently used.From the perspective of the test carrier,92% of the questions are presented by the learning and exploration situation,and the life practice situation is less.In terms of examination content,the physical geography examination questions pay more attention to the examination of geographical process,and the examination of geographical connection and geographical characteristics fluctuates greatly.The main knowledge of the examination outline mainly comes from the two plates of "material circulation and energy exchange in the natural environment" and "integrity and difference of the natural environment".The most examined physical geographical elements are climate,hydrology and topography The most important factor is the appearance.In terms of examination ability,the physical geography examination questions lack the ability to demonstrate and discuss geographical problems.The multiple-choice questions mainly examine the ability to obtain and interpret geographical information,and the non multiple-choice questions mainly examine the ability to describe and interpret geographical problems.In the aspect of core literacy examination,the examination of subject core literacy is not balanced,mainly focusing on the examinee's comprehensive thinking and regional cognition,lacking the examination of Geographical Practice and the view of human land coordination.In the second part,quantitative analysis is used to analyze the difficulty of the test.Based on the characteristics of the questions and the knowledge of physical geography,five difficulty factors of the analysis of the questions are summed up,namely "background material","question setting method","element content","cognitive level" and "reasoning level".The five difficulty factors are divided into three levels,and the connotation of each level is explained.On this basis,a comprehensive difficulty coefficient model suitable for this study is constructed.The difficulty level of the selected questions is assigned,and the comprehensive difficulty coefficient model is used to calculate the difficulty coefficient of each difficulty.This paper mainly compares the difficulty from two different dimensions of year and volume,draws the comparative images of different levels of each difficulty factor,as well as the comprehensive comparative chart of each difficulty factor,and draws the following conclusions through comparative analysis: different years and different volumes have different focuses,and there are some differences in the examination of the five difficulty factors.In terms of the comprehensive difficulty of physical geography examination questions in recent four years,from the average value of each difficulty coefficient,the difficulty coefficient of background material is the highest,with the difficulty coefficient value of 2.12;the difficulty coefficient of question setting method is the lowest,with the difficulty coefficient value of 1.16.Each difficulty factor level has its own examination characteristics.The results show that the factors of background materials fluctuate greatly at all levels;in the way of setting questions,the single level of setting questions is the most;in the factor of element content,the level of single and two natural geographical elements is the most;in the factor of cognitive level,the level of understanding is the most;in the factor of reasoning level,the level of medium reasoning is the most,Few questions can reach the level of complex reasoning.Finally,according to the above research conclusions,and for teachers to make physical geography simulation test questions for college entrance examination,put forward relevant suggestions for physical geography classroom teaching,summarize the shortcomings in the research,and put forward the prospect for the above shortcomings.