Cultural Conflict And Adjustment Of Rural Schools In The Process Of Urbanization

The rural schools are deeply rooted in the rural society and have been growing steadily from its culture.They are the main positions of rural social education.It should be mentioned that their unique cultural attitude of school-running principle,curriculum,teaching and management is formed on the basis of the experience of rural society in little tradition.However,with the development of urbanization,the rural schools gradually build a bridge with the outside world and begin the transition of modernization.Meanwhile,there are also "new pursuits " at every level of the rural schools.But unfortunately,these pursuits are to keep up with the urban schools.In the process of urbanization,there will inevitably be cultural conflicts when the rural schools which influenced by the rural culture contact with the urban culture.These conflicts have also caused the rural schools to show a state of being entangled,confused and at a loss.This study adopts qualitative research method,selects a rural primary school(S primary school)in the northwest of Shandong Province as a case and clarifies the manifestation of cultural conflicts at all levels in rural schools through a variety of the research methods.Trying to survey the root of cultural conflicts in rural schools though the observation of the "disharmonious" campus,and then putting forward some relevant countermeasures to adjust cultural conflicts.Through the research,it is found that the cultural conflicts of the rural schools in the process of urbanization are presented in the following aspects.On the school-running principle level,there are mainly the conflicts between "freedom " and " norm "," intimacy" and " distance "," individuality " and " commonness ".On the curriculum level,there are conflicts between "decentralization" and "unification","singleness" and "diversity","background" and "front stage".On the teaching level,there are conflicts between "random" and "standard","content" and "method","teacher" and "student".On the management level,there are conflicts between "human feeling" and "system","dogmatism" and "democracy","freedom" and "restraint".On the teachers level,there are conflicts between "rural people" and "urban people","working people" and "professional people","teacher" and "learner".On the students level,there are conflicts between "lively" and "lonely","diligent" and "lazy","active" and "silent".In essence,the origin of cultural conflicts in rural schools in the process of urbanization is the antagonism and counterbalance in the process of the integration of different cultural types.It's mainly manifested in the conflicts between "rural culture" and "urban culture","traditional culture" and "modern culture","established culture" and " innovative culture" and "marginal culture" and "central culture ".And in the process,the rural schools also show corresponding discordan conflicts.Based on the background of urbanization and the perspective of "cultural integration",this study puts forward some countermeasures to adjust the cultural conflicts in rural schools:Srengthen the construction of rural culture and reshape the characteristics of rural culture;Clear the school target positioning and create their own cultural characteristics;Develop local culture curriculum and close connection of rural life;Attach importance to the guidance of school culture and construct a harmonious teaching environment;Enhance the identity of teachers and cultivate the feelings of rural education;Renew the school management organization and reconstruct the management system culture;Change parents' educational concept and participate in children's educational life.In this way,the cultural conflicts of rural schools in the process of urbanization can be eliminated and the "pastoral" image of "modern schools" can be created.