Research On Career And Technical Education Curriculum In American Ordinary Secondary School

The development of the times has accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading and career differentiation.The acceleration of occupational change and the diversification of emerging occupations have put forward higher requirements for talent training.In order to adapt to the challenges of high-quality and high-skilled talents required by the global economy,career and technical education in the United States has developed from vocational education to vocational and technical education and then to career and technical education in the past century.Career and technical education includes education of scientific and cultural knowledge related to career development and vocational and technical education directly connected with current employment.As the first country to implement career and technical education,in ordinary secondary schools,the integration of ordinary education and career and technical education has developed.Career and technical education curriculum in American ordinary secondary schools integrates "classroom-based teaching" and "work-based learning",that is,classroom teaching and career activities.Setting up specialized cluster and integrated career and technical education curriculum,organizing a series of work-based learning activities,and fully helping students complete career preparation,that is,preparing for higher education or direct employment.Cluster career and technical education curriculum is the introduction of career clusters as a curriculum organization framework to open the career cluster curriculum.Integrated curriculum integrates mathematics,reading,science and other subjects into career and technical education curriculum.The federal Act stipulates that approved career and technical education curriculum must provide work-based learning opportunities for students.As the part of the career and technical education curriculum,work-based learning is an activity carried out on the basis of the career development stage in and out of school,including career awareness activities,career exploration activities and career preparation activities.Although the Chinese government does not use the concept of "career and technical education",ordinary secondary schools are also implementing relevant education.The relevant education policies of basic education reform also clearly emphasize the development guidance in promoting career and other aspects of ordinary secondary schools,and the establishment of vocational and technical curriculum,including general technical curriculum in high schools,comprehensive practical activity courses with social service and professional experience as the main activities in primary and secondary schools,and labor curriculum in primary and secondary schools with vocational enlightenment in junior high schools and vocational experience in senior high schools.However,the implementation of educational policies in ordinary middle schools in China is not ideal: neither career development guidance nor vocational and technical curriculum are carried out and implemented normally and standardized.Faced with the urgent needs of secondary school students to prepare for higher education and employment,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the career and technical education curriculum in the United States to promote the practice of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in China.Taking New York State as an example,this study focuses on the curriculum objectives,curriculum content,curriculum implementation and curriculum evaluation of career and technical education curriculum for ordinary secondary school students by using the methods of literature research,case study and comparative research and other methods,based on the development history of career and technical education curriculum in the United States,this study reveals the successful experience of the construction of career and technical education curriculum system in ordinary secondary school schools,in order to provide useful reference for setting up career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in China.This paper is mainly divided into the following seven parts:The first part is the introduction.It mainly includes the proposal of problems,research significance,research literature review at home and abroad,research ideas and research methods,and research innovations.The second part is an overview of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in the United States.It mainly includes defining the two core concepts of career and technical education and career and technical education curriculum,determining the research object,combing the development history of career and technical education curriculum,and explaining the implementation effect of career and technical education curriculum.The third part is the objective of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in New York.It mainly includes the overall objective,the phased objectives and the performance indicators of objectives.The phased objectives include the objectives of career awareness stage from grade 6 to grade 8,career exploration stage from grade 9 to grade 11 and career preparation stage from grade12.The fourth part is the content of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in New York.It mainly includes the basic principles of career and technical education curriculum content organization in ordinary secondary school,the content outline of career awareness stage from grade 6 to grade 8,the content outline of career exploration stage from grade 9 to grade 11,and the content outline of career preparation stage in grade 12.The fifth part is the implementation of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in New York.The implementation of career and technical education curriculum in New York State ordinary secondary schools mainly includes classroom-based teaching and work-based learning.Among them,classroom-based teaching is divided into cluster curriculum classroom teaching and integrated curriculum classroom teaching.Work-based learning is divided into career awareness activities,career exploration activities and career preparation activities according to career development stages.The sixth part is the evaluation of career and technical education curriculum in New York.The main contents include evaluation principles,evaluation standards and evaluation methods.The evaluation criteria are divided into national evaluation criteria and New York state evaluation criteria.The evaluation methods include classroom-based teaching evaluation and work-based learning evaluation.The seventh part is the characteristics of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in the United States and its enlightenment to China.Based on the curriculum system,this paper summarizes the characteristics of career and technical education curriculum in American ordinary secondary school students,and discusses its enlightenment to the practice of career and technical education curriculum in ordinary secondary schools in China.