Research On Model Construction And Implementation Of Technical Design Teaching In Primary Schools

Recent years,emerging science and technology represented by 5G ? artificial intelligence,new energy,quantum communication has flourished.The development of technology gives birth to new talent demand.How to cultivate more technological innovative talents is a hot and eternal topic facing human society.Design is a bridge for the transformation of technological achievements.In the process of the birth,construction,application and development of new technology,it has the function of promoting and guiding.Primary school is the foundation stage of basic education,and it is also the key stage to stimulate students' technical emotion,cultivate innovative consciousness and practical ability.The curriculum content in the field of "technology and engineering" has been set up in the revised "compulsory primary school science curriculum standard" in 2017,which puts forward higher requirements and new challenges for the development of technical design teaching in primary schools.Therefore,in order to cultivate more excellent technical and engineering talents,it is a key role in primary school technical design teaching.Based on the above background,this study constructs the teaching model of primary school technical design by investigating the present situation of primary school technical design teaching,combining with the teaching characteristics and related theories of primary school technical design,and selects the theme according to the model to carry out teaching practice.The effect of implementation is analyzed.First of all,through the literature review and theoretical research on the core concepts and existing research,it is considered that the construction of primary school technical design teaching model plays an important role in theoretical research and practical guidance.Secondly,through the questionnaire and observation scale of the present situation of technical design teaching in primary school,it can be found that the students' classroom immersion degree is low,the technical design process is not coherent,the teachers' cognition of the connotation of technical design is insufficient,the classroom technical elements are missing and the evaluation method is relatively single.Thirdly,the characteristics of integration of teaching content,openness of teaching process,inclusiveness of teaching atmosphere and visualization of learning results are summarized.Based on the analysis framework of constructivism theory,distributed cognitive theory,situational cognitive theory and metacognitive theory,this paper draws on the experience of design-based science teaching model,design-based science inquiry learning cycle model and project-based design learning model,and constructs a primary school technology design teaching model based on learning task group.In the model,with student activities as the main body,the teaching content is transformed into two layers of integrated learning task group.The first layer has five learning task groups: definite problem,investigation and research,conception design,practical production and verification optimization.Each task group contains a series of sub-task groups.Students complete different stages of tasks and experience iterative cycles of processes through autonomous and collaborative learning.The model has the characteristics of teaching around the problem of inferior structure,emphasizing the iterative cycle of the process,using support and fading strategy,paying attention to multiple evaluation,designing innovative and step-by-step tasks and pointing to the flexible goal of core literacy training.Finally,based on the teaching model,the author chooses the theme of Design Waterter for teaching research.Through questionnaire survey and interview,it is found that the model teaching can improve the students' learning immersion and learning attitude more than the traditional teaching.At the same time,the following suggestions are put forward for the implementation of the model: to carry out hierarchical design according to the difficulty of learning tasks,to strengthen teachers' summary of the process of technical design,to pay attention to guiding students to improve cooperative learning skills and to pay attention to the cultivation of students' good technical habits,which provides feasible guidance for the development of technical design teaching in primary schools.