| As a very important module of Standard for Mathematics Curriculum of Elementary School,2011 Edition.When knowledge is presented as a textbook,it is the fragmented content.As far as the current situation is concerned,when learning "graphics and geometry",students rarely associate redundant and scattered knowledge points with each other to form knowledge structure,and their spatial concept is poor,and their ability to transform and transfer learning is weak.It is also difficult for teachers to cultivate students' ability of sustainable learning with scattered knowledge.After investigation,most of the students have average ability on the basis of memorizing concepts,properties and formulas.Up to 63% of students were unable to effectively explain the process or method of deriving formulas in "figure and Geometry".48% students can not effectively extract knowledge,flexible problem solving;Only 9% of the students took the initiative to carry out knowledge association and use tools to comb and summarize.The ability of students to build knowledge structure is very weak,which is also the main reason for the low transfer learning ability of students.Therefore,it is imperative to study the cultivation strategy of elementary students' structuralization ability of "graphics and geometry" knowledge.This can not only promote students to develop good thinking habits,improve the core quality;It can also promote teachers' professional growth and improve teaching strategies.The research methods mainly include literature research,questionnaire survey and case study.First of all,through reading relevant literature,the basic concepts of knowledge structure,structured ability,structured teaching and their specific manifestations are clarified.Structured teaching is based on the knowledge structure of "graphics and geometry" and starts from the cognitive structure of students to guide students to relate and summarize scattered knowledge,so as to cultivate students' knowledge structure ability,improve their core literacy and develop their sustainable learning ability.Then,based on this,a questionnaire was prepared to investigate the mathematics teachers and students in a school and analyze the current situation of the structural ability of the knowledge of "graphics and geometry" among primary school students.The main problems are as follows: teachers' awareness of teaching material integration is weak,teaching knowledge is not integrated,learning approach is single passive;Students have strong dependence,weak ability of independent inquiry,and are not good at summarizing knowledge.Then,based on the problems and the theoretical basis of combining with the previous research results,the cultivation strategy of "graphics and geometry" knowledge structure ability of primary school students is sorted out.This paper puts forward the following strategies: teaching material overall interpretation strategy,stage curriculum integration teaching strategy,thought and method leading strategy,tool combing strategy,strengthening process experience strategy and improving knowledge structure strategy respectively.Finally,through teaching practice,the parallelogram area in textbook No.5 of Beijing Normal University is taken as an example.Case studies are carried out from five aspects: textbook knowledge structure,students' cognitive structure,training strategy application,teaching effect and teaching reflection.The practice shows that structured teaching has a good effect in practical teaching and is helpful to improve students' knowledge structured ability.As a new teaching method,structured teaching helps students improve their knowledge structuring ability and develop their sustainable learning ability through the whole knowledge structure.We also need to carry out a large number of teaching practice tests,in the process of practice and constantly modify,constantly improve,grow into a sustainable development of training strategy. |
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