The Research On The Infiltration And Cultivation Of Algebraic Thinking In The First Stage Teaching Of Primary School

According to “The Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2011 Edition)”,the primary school mathematics content are divided into four basic sections: number and algebra,figure and geometry,statistics and probability,synthesis and practice,of which "number and algebra" accounts for a large proportion,and is divided into two stages to develop students' algebraic thinking gradually.In the first stage of primary school(grades 1 to 3),students learn arithmetic knowledge and methods mostly,meanwhile specific and arithmetic as the main method of thinking.In the second stage(grades 4 to 6)o,algebraic study add some basic contents about algebra,such as operation law,formula and equation,positive(inverse)proportion,etc.In on the basis of the students enriched the understanding of the logarithm and the broaden the scope of operation,as well as improved computing power and learning intensity,and also infiltrated some basic algebraic knowledge and equation and function ideas.Although formal algebra learning begins after the third grade,it is necessary to pave the way for algebra learning while in the lower grades.Early algebraic thinking,also refers to the "lower grade algebraic thinking" : in order to be able to surpass the computational knowledge and fluent calculation,we should pay full attention to understand the deep structure of mathematics.In classroom teaching,teachers should realize that the development of algebraic thinking in the first stage of primary school requires the special ways of thinking.Based on the research questions,this paper adopts literature research method,case analysis method and questionnaire method,has been studied in the development of the first stage of primary school students algebraic thinking ability and teachers' attitude towards algebraic thinking teaching and other characteristics,and then discovered out the existing problems to establish the basis of theoretical research.Then,on the basis of literature review,the core concept is defined.First of all,it is clear that the teaching of elementary algebra is around the teach content of the "number and algebra",which is focused on the cultivation of algebraic thinking of students.Secondly,analyze and research according to the first stage of primary school students should have three algebraic characteristics: general thinking,symbolic thinking and quasi-variable thinking.The questionnaire found that the lower grade students have certain algebraic thinking ability,but the understanding of the different characteristics of algebraic thinking is biased,in general,with the increase of age,algebraic thinking ability is also significantly improved.On the other hand,although teachers understand that it is necessary to cultivate students' algebraic thinking ability in the lower grades,there is only a vague understanding of how to cultivate and what is suitable for the development of algebraic thinking.Therefore,combined with the above problems and dug deep into the teaching materials,put forward four teaching strategies: Objective understanding of the essence and development of algebraic thinking,and it is necessary to create conditions and opportunities to guide students toward algebraic thinking;Combined with teaching materials and practice to understand the connotation of "equal" relationship;Symbol breeding to activate of "quasi-variable thinking";Graphic combination to simple understand the operation law.