Polar Ice-Crossing Communication Buoy

Communication buoy is an important means of communication between underwater platform and shoreline.All countries have developed a variety of communication buoys,which play an important role in national defense,ocean scientific research,ocean development and ocean engineering.However,most of these buoys are only aimed at the open water area.With the deepening of polar exploration activities,it is necessary to deploy underwater platforms such as AUV under polar ice caps for scientific research.However,the underwater platform needs to have the means of communication between mother ship and shore-based to prevent equipment loss in case of emergency,so it is necessary to design a kind of polar ice-crossing communication buoy mounted on the underwater platform.Different from the general ocean,the polar ocean environment is extremely harsh.The sea surface is covered with thick ice sheets all year round,and the temperature on the ice sheet is as low as-40℃.In addition,there are adverse factors such as frequent snowstorms,poor visibility,and fragile ecological environment,which put forward strict requirements for the working conditions of polar ice-crossing communication buoys.This paper takes the polar regions as the application environment,studies the two key technologies of ice melting and communication,designs and designs a new type of polar ice-crossing communication buoy,and mainly completes the following aspects of work.(1)Overall scheme design of polar ice-crossing communication buoyAccording to the melting function of the polar ice-crossing communication buoy and the actual polar environment,a kind of ice-crossing scheme based on chemical energy heating is designed.Considering the water pressure problem of the buoy during underwater launching,the high pressure protection device is designed.Aiming at the communication function,the integration scheme of Beidou-3 satellite communication is preliminarily discussed.(2)Ice penetration simulation modle and designIce melting is the core function of polar ice-crossing communication buoys.This paper,through the investigation of foreign polar ice-crossing communication buoys,compares the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical ice crossing,electric heating ice crossing and chemical energy heat ice crossing schemes in detail,and determines the scheme using chemical energy heating ice crossing.On this basis,for the commonly used thermochemical reaction substances,a computational model of chemical ice penetration is established through simulation and experiment.Finally,according to the test data,the chemical formula and reaction control scheme of the ice melting device are designed and improved reasonably according to the ice penetration thickness requirements of the polar buoy,so as to ensure that the buoy has enough heat energy to complete the ice penetration.(3)Mechanical structure and pressure resistance design of polar ice-crossing communication buoyThe polar ice-crossing communication buoy consists of a communications section,a reaction kettle,a chemical reagent storage compartment,an electric control compartment,and an optional bi-directional optical fiber communications section in the future.In this paper,a special three-stage isolated thermochemical reactor is designed to meet the requirements of polar buoys for ice crossing,which realizes the matching between the subdivision control of the thermochemical reaction and the long time high temperature steam ice melting,and also realizes the integration design of the reactor and chemical reagent storage tank.In view of the rigid constraints that the communication department should be placed on the top without shelter after the completion of the ice crossing of the buoy communication department,a communication module and an electronic control module are arranged at the top and bottom of the three-stage reactor,and a sealed threaded channel through the three reactors is designed to cleverly realize the signal connection between the communication module and the electronic control unit,and ensure the underwater stability of the buoy.Based on the basic model of the reactor,the wall thickness of the reactor is calculated and designed.On the basis of calculating the wall thickness,the static finite element simulation of the simplified model is carried out.(4)Simulation and analysis of temperature field in reaction kettle of polar icecrossing communication buoyAiming at the heating function of polar ice-crossing communication buoy,this paper firstly simplifies the structure of the reactor according to its specific structure.On the basis of the simplified model,the thermodynamic finite element simulation is carried out,and the heat transfer calculation is combined to simulate the temperature field and heat flow diagram of the buoy in different states.On this basis,the final results are verified by experiments,and the design structure of the reactor is analyzed and summarized.(5)Design of control system for polar ice-crossing communication buoyAs an independent underwater device,the polar ice-crossing communication buoy needs to independently realize the functions of underwater launch start-up,environmental perception,ice-crossing chemical reaction control,communication transceiver and so on.In this paper,the whole workflow of the buoy is sorted out,the framework of the buoy control software is designed,and the calculation demand is calculated.After that,GD32 microcontroller is selected as the main control of the buoy.And in view of the need to use sensors to constantly collect the surrounding environmental parameters in the working process of the buoy,these parameters are used to control the pump,motor,solenoid valve,Beidou communication and other output modules of the equipment.The main functions of the polar ice-crossing communication buoy can be completed successfully by using the modularization idea and combining multi-thread operating system.