| At present,China’s economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development,and the mode of agricultural economic growth should also be accelerated from a sloppy to an intensive transformation.However,in recent years,Chinese agriculture in transition is facing multiple pressures such as loss of land resources and deterioration of ecological environment due to the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization,as well as improper use of chemical inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides in the agricultural production process.Biased technological progress is an important means to break the multiple dilemmas faced by China’s agricultural development and to realize the development of green agricultural transformation.If the direction of technological progress is not considered,but only the speed of technological progress is pursued,it may be the opposite effect for promoting total factor productivity growth in agriculture.This paper focuses on the characteristics of spatial and temporal divergence of biased technological progress in China’s agriculture and its influencing factors.The main work is as follows: First,this paper constructs a measurement model of the factor bias of technological progress.Based on the definition of biased technological progress and with reference to the research idea of F(?)re et al,the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index based on the input-oriented directional distance function is constructed to measure the biased technological progress of agricultural inputs in 30 Chinese provinces from 1997 to2019,and then the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the factor bias of agricultural technological progress in China are analyzed in depth.Secondly,the Dagum Gini coefficient and decomposition method and kernel density estimation method are used to deeply analyze the regional differences and dynamic evolutionary trends of agricultural input-biased technological progress across the country and the three major regions in the east,central and west.Then,the key factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of agricultural input-biased technological progress in China are explored by combining the geographic probe model.Finally,based on the results of the study,the rationalization suggestions are proposed in a targeted manner.The main conclusions obtained from this study are as follows:(1)China’s agricultural total factor productivity shows an overall growth trend,and technological progress is an important source of agricultural total factor productivity growth.Among them,input-biased technological progress and neutral technological progress have a strong driving effect on agricultural total factor productivity growth,but output-biased technological progress does not significantly contribute to agricultural total factor productivity growth.(2)Technological progress in Chinese agriculture is input-biased and generally biased toward land conservation.Specifically,while there is a bias toward labor saving between land and labor,there is a bias toward land saving between input factors such as land and agricultural machinery,land and fertilizer,and land and pesticides.In terms of temporal characteristics,the land-saving bias of agricultural technological progress gradually decreases over time;in terms of spatial distribution,the degree of land-saving bias of agricultural technological progress is stronger in eastern regions than in central and western regions.(3)In terms of regional differences,the overall difference in agricultural input-biased technological progress in China tends to decrease,and the hyper-variance density is the most important source of the overall difference,followed by inter-regional differences,and then intra-regional differences;in terms of dynamic evolution,there is no obvious polarization of agricultural input-biased technological progress in China during the period under investigation and the spatial differences have improved,and the differences in agricultural biased technological progress among provinces The differences in agricultural input-biased technological progress among provinces have narrowed.(4)The regional heterogeneity of agricultural input-biased technological progress is the result of the interaction of different factors,and its interaction strength is greater than the influence of individual factors. |
