| Background:The morbidity and mortality of diabetes mellitus continue to ris e,which seriously threatens human health and has a severe impact on patients’ q uality of life.Insulin therapy and self monitoring of blood glucose are the most i mportant treatments for people with DM.Thus,a large amount of home medical waste will be generated,which will seriously threaten public health and environ mental safety.At present,the current situation of home medical waste disposal in diabetic patients is not optimistic and there is no clear management method of h ome medical waste disposal.The content of intervention measures and research re sults are not the same.In order to improve the behavior of patients’ home medic al waste disposal,the further research is still needed to develop.Objective:(1)In this study,we investigated the current status of the disposal behavior of diabetic patients and their caregivers at home,and implemented interventions to understand the current status of home medical waste disposal behavior and analyze the related influencing factors.(2)Based on the theory of behavior change,a structured health education i ntervention program was developed for the treatment of diabetic patients’ househo ld medical waste,and intervention was implemented to improve the behavior of home medical waste disposal and promote the healthy living environment of the population.Provide evidence support for improving the management mode of ho me medical waste.Methods:A simple random sampling method was used to select 118 cases of diabetes patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the 2020.09-2021.09 clinic of a community health service center in Shiyan,Hubei.According to the theory of behavior change,the intervention study of family medical waste disposal health education was carried out in stages.Before and after the intervention,the scores of patients’knowledge,attitude and practice of home medical waste disposal were evaluated,and the health intervention effect and related influencing factors of home medical waste disposal were analyzed.Results:(1)After the intervention,the knowledge score of home medical waste disposal was higher than that before the intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).(2)After the intervention,the attitude score of home medical waste disposal was higher than that before the intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).(3)Before the intervention,none of the patients put the medical waste int o the storage box and took it back to the hospital or community clinic for centr alized disposal.One month,three months and six months after the intervention,72(61.0%),76(64.4%)and 61(51.6%)of the patients’ discarded needles could be taken back to the community clinic for final disposal.After the intervention,the proportion of patients taking sharp instruments back to the hospital for treat ment increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).(4)The score of knowledge of home medical waste in diabetic patients wa s statistically different in different age,education level,family income,insulin inj ection time,and whether to accept home medical waste education.(P<0.05)the attitudes of diabetic patients at home were different in gender,age,education lev el,family monthly income,insulin injection time,etc.There was significant diffe rence in the scores of whether to accept home medical waste Education(P < 0.05)(5)Using multiple linear regression analysis,it is concluded that age,education level and whether they have received health education on home medical waste are the main influencing factors of changes in knowledge and attitude of home medical waste disposal.Conclusion:(1)Phased health education of home medical waste can improve the knowledge of home medical waste disposal,improve the behavior and attitude of home medical waste disposal.(2)There are many factors influencing the disposal behavior of medical waste in diabetic patients.Individualized health education and guidance should be provided for patients. |
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