The Influence Of Foreign Direct Investment On Carbon Emission Intensity In China

In the context of economic globalization and the realization of the “carbon peak” and “carbon neutral” goals,it is of great significance to fulfill China’s commitment from the perspective of foreign direct investment in building a new pattern of opening-up and demonstrating the responsibility and responsibility of a major country.Forty years of reform and opening-up,our country gradually from the original extensive development pattern to intensive green development pattern,the scale of foreign direct investment,the spatial distribution and the role of also quietly changing,in the new era under the background of foreign direct investment can boost dual carbon targets agreed upon,and in any way affect the carbon intensity of our country is worth our thinking.In view of this,this paper uses provincial panel data from 2003 to 2019 to construct a spatial Durbin model to study the impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity.First of all,this paper summarizes the relevant researches of domestic and foreign scholars,summarizes the direction,mechanism and research methods of the impact of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity from the perspective of "pollution paradise" and "pollution halo",and makes a comparative analysis of the reasons for different conclusions in existing literature.Combined with environmental Kuznets curve,international production compromise theory and externality theory,the research hypothesis of this paper is proposed.Secondly,considering the spatial factors,Arcmap and Geoda software are used to draw the spatial and temporal distribution trend chart of FDI and carbon emission intensity,so as to grasp the spatial distribution characteristics of FDI and carbon emission intensity from a macro perspective.The results show that the variables may have spatial correlation and spatial heterogeneity.Thirdly,combined with the basis of spatial econometric model,the spatial autocorrelation of the two variables was verified by Moran test,and the results of LM test,Wald test and LR test were passed.Finally,the spatial Durbin model was selected as the benchmark regression of this paper.At the same time,in order to verify the influence of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity,the influence mechanism is analyzed by adding interaction terms.Finally,considering regional heterogeneity,this paper divides 30 provinces and cities(except Tibet and Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)into eastern,central and western regions,as well as southern and northern regions for heterogeneity analysis.Therefore,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows :(1)China’s carbon emission intensity has a strong spatial autocorrelation,and the overall distribution shows a positive agglomeration characteristic,that is,the carbon emission intensity shows a high agglomeration and a low agglomeration throughout the country.(2)The coefficient of foreign direct investment and its spatial lag term is negative,that is,foreign direct investment can effectively reduce the carbon emission intensity of this region and its surrounding areas,and there is a "pollution halo" effect.(3)Fdi mainly reduces carbon emission intensity through structural effect,technological effect and population effect,while the environmental policy effect of FDI increases carbon emission intensity due to the existence of "competition to the bottom".(4)Foreign direct investment in eastern and central China can effectively restrain carbon emission intensity,while foreign direct investment in western China has no significant effect on carbon emission intensity;The effect of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity is different between the south and the north,and the effect of foreign direct investment on carbon emission intensity is more significant in the south.To sum up,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions as follows: Local governments should strengthen cross-regional cooperation to jointly promote "carbon peak" and "carbon neutral";We will continue to open up and continue to attract high-quality foreign investment.Actively create foreign technology spillover environment to promote independent innovation;Improve performance appraisal standards,speed up environmental regulation;We will formulate policies for attracting foreign investment in light of local conditions and improve the structure of foreign investment.