Analysis Of Metallic Trace Elements In Liver Of Livestock And Poultry And Assessment Of Dietary Exposure Risk Of Residents In Heilongjiang Province

Environmental pollution caused by metallic trace elements has been widely concerned.In biochemistry,trace elements can be divided into essential trace elements such as Cu,Mn,Se,Cr,Ni,V,and non-essential trace elements such as Cd,As,Pb,Hg,Ba,Al,Li,Sn,Sb,etc.For non-essential trace elements,low concentrations will cause harm to the body,while for essential trace elements,if the human body is exposed too much,it will also cause toxic effects.Diet is one of the main sources of human exposure to such pollutants.Livestock and poultry liver has a wealth of excellent food protein sources,vitamin A,vitamin B,calcium,iron and other minerals,especially for children,the elderly,lactating women and anemia population.Therefore,this paper studied the concentration distribution characteristics of the above 15 metallic trace elements in 6 kinds of livestock and poultry liver foods(pig liver,bovine liver,sheep liver,chicken liver,duck liver and goose liver)sold in Heilongjiang area,which provided basic data for the potential hazards of healthy people eating liver in Heilongjiang Province,and also provided reference for relevant departments to formulate regional pollutant control measures.The experimental results showed that most of the elements in all the samples were detected except Sb,Hg,Sn,Li and other elements that were not detected in individual samples in Heilongjiang.The concentration range was never detected to 275 mg / kg fw(fw: fresh weight fresh weight).Different types of liver have different levels of trace elements.On the whole,the element concentrations were arranged in the following order : Cu(40.014mg/kg)>Mn(4.096 mg/kg)>Al(3.162 mg/kg)>Se(1.258 mg/kg)>Cd(0.051 mg/kg)>Cr(0.251mg/kg)>V(0.066 mg/kg)>Ba(0.124 mg/kg)>As(0.035 mg/kg)>Pb(0.037 mg/kg)>Ni(0.038mg/kg)>Sn(0.008 mg/kg)>Li(0.004 mg/kg)>Hg(0.0022 mg/kg)>Sb(0.0001 mg/kg).The concentrations of metallic trace elements in different types of livers from high to low were as follows: goose liver > sheep liver > duck liver > bovine liver > pig liver > chicken liver.In this study,according to the concentrations of various metallic trace elements in the liver,the potential health risks of livestock and poultry liver food were analyzed and evaluated by pollution level assessment,exposure assessment and health risk assessment(including carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk).In order to make the assessment more accurate and reduce the uncertainty of assessment,this study also conducts risk assessment for specific populations.The results showed that from the perspective of element types,the contents of Pb and Cd in the national standard and EU standard did not exceed the standard limit.And Cu,Mn,Se elements exceed the national risk assessment center proposed review limit value.From the liver category,the single factor pollution index of chicken liver and pig liver was within the safe range,and was not polluted.The single factor pollution index of the mean values of duck liver and bovine liver was within the mild pollution range;the average single factor pollution index of sheep liver and goose liver has reached severe pollution.In summary,the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of Cu and Se in the liver of livestock and poultry reached the heavy pollution level,and Mn reached the light pollution level.Based on the above results,this study suggests that if long-term consumption of liver,for the general population,Cd,Cr,As,Pb and Hg elements are still at a safe level,but for the high exposure population,especially for A population(6 months to 5 years old),the Cr element exceeds 10 % of the threshold when consuming chicken liver.Under normal circumstances,the non-carcinogenic risk of the general population is less than 1,which does not produce noncarcinogenic risk.However,for high-exposure group A,if people eat goose liver for a long time,it will have a great negative impact on health.Cu,Se and other elements are the main sources of non-carcinogenic risk when consuming all kinds of livestock and poultry liver.The contribution rate of Cd,Cr,As,Pb,Hg to non-carcinogenic risk ranges from 2.49 % to 20.73 %.The carcinogenic risk of arsenic in livestock and poultry liver is: pig liver > sheep liver > goose liver > duck liver > chicken liver > cattle liver.For the five dietary groups,group A(6 months to 5 years old)has a higher carcinogenic risk,especially when they eat pig liver(HI: 2.77E-05)and sheep liver(HI: 1.51E-05),the risk level is close to the alert state,that is,there will be 2.77 people / 100 000 carcinogenic risk in group A who eat pig liver,and 1.51 people / 100 000 carcinogenic risk in group A who eat sheep liver.