Study On The Impact Of Economic Growth On Environment And Regional Heterogeneity

The traditional extensive economic growth mode at the expense of natural resources and ecological environment has caused serious environmental pollution and ecological damage.After years of governance and protection,the economic development mode has been changed,and the environmental situation has been improved to a certain extent.China has entered the key period of the 14 th Five-Year Plan for economic and social development,with the economic growth rate rising steadily and the total economic output increasing continuously.Under the guidance of the new development concept,has there been a qualitative change in the relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution? How do technological progress,industrial structure and other factors affect the environment? Are there differences in the environmental impacts of economic growth in different regions?In order to answer these questions,based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of economic growth on the environment and regional heterogeneity by using the double fixed effect model;selects two mediating variables,industrial structure and technological progress,and analyzes the mechanism paths of economic growth affecting the environment in the country and the three major regions in the east,middle and west through serial multiple mediator model,and obtains the following Conclusion:(1)From a national perspective,China’s economic growth has a positive impact on the environment,the direct effect is positive,and the increase in the level of economic development is improving the quality of the environment;after the analysis of the serial multiple mediator model,it is found that there is no indirect effect path of "economic growth→industrial structure→environmental pollution" in China as a whole,and there is an indirect effect path of "economic growth→technological progress→industrial structure→environmental pollution",and there is also a serial multiple mediator path of "economic growth → technological progress → industrial structure →environmental pollution",and this serial multiple mediator path has an obvious inhibitory effect on environmental pollution,technological progress will limit the increase of the share of the secondary industry in the national economy,which in turn will inhibit the deterioration of the environmental quality.(2)From the three major regions,when analyzing the regional heterogeneity of the three major regions,it is found that the improvement of the economic development level in the eastern,central and western regions has the effect of restraining the deterioration of the environmental situation,but there is only a difference in the effect.Comparatively speaking,the effect of economic growth in the eastern region on restraining environmental pollution is smaller than that in the central and western regions.(3)Through the analysis of serial multiple mediator effects in three major regions,it is found that there is no serial multiple mediator effect path of "economic growth → technological progress → industrial structure→ environmental pollution" in the eastern and western regions,but the indirect effect of economic growth on the environment through technological progress is significant in the eastern region,while there are two parallel intermediary effects of technological progress and industrial structure in the western region;The economic growth in the central region has also improved the environmental pollution,and there is a chain intermediary effect.The improvement of economic development level has brought about an increase in the number of green patents and technological progress.The improvement of technological level has reduced the proportion of the secondary industry in the central economy,and the transformation of industrial structure has further improved the environmental quality.Accordingly,suggestions are made for moderate economic development,strengthening technological innovation,optimizing industrial structure and implementing differentiated regional development policies.