| The production process of the acetaldehyde plant of Jilin Petrochemical Company uses ethylene and oxygen as raw materials.In a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a pressure of 0.305-0.405 MPa and a temperature of 105-135°C,the catalyst is palladium chloride and copper chloride,ethylene and oxygen are directly mixed for one-step oxidation.Acetaldehyde,ethylene below 56% and oxygen above 10% will all reach the explosion limit.Therefore,it is of great significance to use scientific risk assessment methods to conduct risk assessment research on the production and operation process of acetaldehyde plants to prevent or reduce accidents.This article takes the acetaldehyde plant of Jilin Petrochemical Company as the research object to analyze the safety risks in its production and operation.First,use the safety checklist method,the risk evaluation method and the case analysis method to analyze the overall risk of the device,and then use the TNT equivalent method and the Dow Chemical method to conduct the system safety risk assessment of the important units of the device,and finally adopt the hazard and operational analysis method.(HAZOP)/SIL analysis and evaluation method carries out detailed process safety analysis and safety integrity level analysis and verification of the device,forming a three-dimensional analysis of the device from the whole to the part,from surface to point.Through the literature research method and the safety checklist method,it is identified that the main risks of the acetaldehyde device are fire,explosion,poisoning,etc,and the acetaldehyde reaction unit and the finished product tank area unit are calculated to constitute a major source of hazard,and the risk levels are level two and level one.Through case analysis,it is confirmed that "sub-combustion reaction" can cause major safety production accidents such as device explosion and fire,leakage and scald.The risk evaluation method is used to analyze and confirm that the inherent risk level of the acetaldehyde reaction unit and the acetaldehyde product tank area is level two,which is moderate risk.The Dow Chemical method was used to analyze and confirm that the fire and explosion risk levels of the reaction unit and the acetaldehyde product tank unit were relatively large and medium.Finally,through the HAZOP/SIL analysis and evaluation method,a detailed process safety analysis and safety integrity level analysis and verification of the acetaldehyde plant were carried out to confirm the process safety of the plant,the safety and reliability of the protection measures,and the overall safety and control of the plant. |
