Research On Efficient Consensus And Access Control Of Io T Water Quality Monitoring Data Based On Consortium Chain

With the development and popularization of 5G technology,the application of the Internet of Things has also penetrated into all aspects of life.Because of its advantages of all-weather,automation,and low terrain requirements,its application in the field of water quality monitoring also has broad prospects.However,for the water quality data monitored and collected by IoT devices,there are problems of incomplete data communication and obvious island phenomenon.In addition,water quality data also has the problem of being stored by environmental regulators.It is easy to be lost and tampered with,which not only damages the credibility of the obtained water quality data,but also easily breeds corruption.The advantages of decentralization and anti-tampering of blockchain technology can solve the above problems,but the consensus method adopted by the current alliance chain has the problems of low efficiency and high communication overhead,which is very easy to consume resources.In addition,when considering the practical application,in order to avoid the leakage of sensitive data,the necessary control should also be carried out on the user’s access.Therefore,this paper proposes an efficient consensus and access control scheme for IoT water quality monitoring data based on the alliance chain.The main work done in this paper is as follows:(1)An efficient consensus algorithm based on the consistent hash algorithm is proposed,based on the traditional PBFT consensus algorithm,the selection method of the master node and the leader node is optimized,the fairness and randomness of the process are improved,and the PBFT consensus algorithm is broken by The central node dominates the situation of the entire consensus process,thereby improving the security of the entire blockchain network.After analysis and research,the CH-PBFT consensus algorithm proposed in this paper has good advantages in node security and consensus process security.At the same time,the scheme proposed in this paper can also effectively resist distributed denial of service attacks.(2)Optimize the consensus process,from the traditional square-level communication overhead of mutual communication to the polynomial-level communication com plexity of one-way communication,which greatly reduces the network communicatio n overhead of the entire consensus process,and is more suitable for the application en vironment where a large number of nodes participate.At the same time,it also improv es consensus efficiency,reduces consensus delay,and increases throughput.After calc ulation analysis and experimental testing,the communication complexity of the conse nsus algorithm improvement scheme proposed in this paper is O(N),and the commu nication overhead is much lower than the PBFT consensus algorithm and some impro ved algorithms.At the same time,when there are 100 nodes,the average consensus de lay is about 500 ms.The throughput can also reach 500-700 transactions per second.(3)According to the organizational structure of my country’s current water resources-related management departments,a multi-layer data storage alliance chain model combining main and side chains is designed,the main data is stored in the grassroots alliance side chain,and the advanced alliance main chain mainly stores data summarie s.Further reduce data transfer volume.(4)The attribute-based access control mechanism is improved,the access control chain and the user authentication chain are used to replace the ordinary server,and the identity-based proxy re-encryption technology is used to calculate the public and private keys during user identity registration to improve security.In addition,the smart contract that is called when external users access data is also designed,which simplifies the interaction process.After analysis,the IoT device authentication scheme and access control scheme proposed in this paper can ensure the security in the communication process.