Research On The Architecture Of Nanguo Temple In Tianshui

Nanguo temple is located in the south of Qinzhou District,Tianshui City,with Huiyin mountain in the South and Jihe River in the north.It is the seat of Tianshui Buddhist Association and the Sixth Batch of key cultural relics protection units in Gansu Province.Nanguo temple has a long history.According to research,the temple was founded in the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms,flourished in the Sui and Tang Dynasties,expanded in the two Song Dynasties,and matured in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It has a history of more than 1600 years.Nanguo temple has been granted many times by the governments of previous dynasties.In the second year of Renshou in Sui Dynasty,it was granted with relic and pagoda,in the24 th year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty,"Zhaoxuan courtyard",in the first year of Jianlong in Song Dynasty,it was changed into "Miaosheng courtyard",and in the 15 th year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty,it was granted with "national protection Temple".During this period,after several construction activities,the space pattern also changed continuously,accompanied by the continuous development of Buddhist architectural culture;There are still a lot of research gaps in the spatial pattern and evolution logic of the temple in different periods,and its historical context needs to be further supplemented and combed;Moreover,the existing single building is based on the traditional official practice and integrated into the local practice in Qinzhou.Its architectural information needs to be further improved and summarized,resulting in the lack of in-depth research on the historical space and architectural practice of Nanguo temple,and the further exploration of its value mining.The research content of this paper mainly includes the following three aspects:The first aspect is the research on the development process of Buddhism in Tianshui area.Starting from the natural geography and historical construction of Tianshui area,this paper combs out the development process and period characteristics of local Buddhism,extracts important time nodes and historical intervals,and provides a regional background for the historical context of Nanguo temple.The second aspect is the research on the spatial pattern and evolution logic of Nanguo temple.Based on the above background and relevant historical documents,the pattern evolution process of Nanguo temple is divided into five historical periods: initial period,prosperous period,expansion period,mature period and finalization period.Then,taking ancient trees,ancient springs and ancient pagoda sites as the spatial positioning point,combined with historical materials such as Longyou poetry,Dunhuang Sutra changes,steles,local chronicles and plaques,Explore the spatial pattern and evolution logic of Nanguo temple in different periods,and sort out and restore the corresponding spatial pattern characteristics in different periods.The third aspect is the research on the existing single buildings.Most of the existing single buildings in Nanguo temple are buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Under the influence of Qinzhou process system,its architectural characteristics are both similar and unique compared with traditional official buildings and adjacent Hezhou process buildings.It is a typical case of studying Qinzhou process system.Through on-site investigation and field measurement,it analyzes the surveying and mapping data from building type,plane shape,beam frame structure This paper summarizes the characteristics of the existing buildings of Nanguo temple under the process system of Qinzhou from the aspects of bucket arch characteristics and decoration characteristics.This paper is the ontology research of Nanguo temple architecture.Starting from the background of the development of local Buddhist architectural culture,this paper combs its historical context,explores the spatial pattern and evolution logic in its five historical intervals,and makes corresponding restoration research.It is found that the overall space of the courtyard is distributed along the axis,from the initial single axis layout to the overall pattern of multi axis parallel and multi courtyard series,and the courtyard space is gradually derived to the East;The research on the spatial pattern of Nanguo Temple appropriately supplements the basic data of the layout of Buddhist temples in Tianshui area,and has important reference significance for the study of the development process and period characteristics of local Buddhist architectural culture.Architectural features: the existing single building of Nanguo temple is a typical physical relic under the process system of Qinzhou.Through sorting and summarizing the characteristics of each single building and improving its architectural information,it is found that its plane,beam frame,bucket arch,roof and other aspects are different from the northern official practice and Hezhou process,which has unique local characteristics of Qinzhou;By summarizing its architectural characteristics,it is conducive to improve the theoretical system of architectural construction in Tianshui area,and also provide technical support for the protection and inheritance of local traditional buildings.