Construction Of Ecological Road Evaluation Index System And Its Application In The Evaluation Of Roads On Chongming Island

The road system is the basic skeleton of a city,it connects people’s production,life and other components and it is an indispensable infrastructure in modern urban construction and development.Roads not only improve people’s life quality and bring huge economic benefits,but also cause serious disturbance and damage to the natural ecosystem.In recent years,in order to meet the needs of ecological civilization construction in China,ecological road construction aiming at improving road ecological level has become a new driving force of high-quality development in China.It aims to reduce the adverse impact of roads on the surrounding natural environment and living things.As the key link of ecological road from theory to practice,evaluation research can effectively help the construction and development of ecological road.Based on this,this study starts from the theoretical basis of ecological road and road ecology,and constructing ecological road evaluation index system by literature analysis method and Delphi expert investigation method.Then,13 main roads in Chongming Island were taken as the research object to study the application of ecological road evaluation index system of 74 typical road sections.The main research results are as follows:(1)In this study,an ecological road evaluation index system was constructed,with "road ecological evaluation" as the target layer,"environment friendly" and "life friendly" as the sub-target layer,and "pollution control","environmental regulation","biological conservation" and "humanistic care" as the criterion layer.The evaluation index system has passed the tests of reliability,content validity and structure validity.It has good stability and reliability.It can play a good ecological evaluation effect of road.(2)The comprehensive evaluation results of all roads in Chongming Island accord with normal distribution,so the evaluation results can be divided into four grades: excellent,good,medium and poor according to the isometric method.The average ecological level of all 74 road sections is medium.There are 7 sections with excellent ecological level,accounting for 9.46% of all sections.There were 32 sections with good ecological level,accounting for 43.24% of all sections.There are 23 sections with medium ecological level,accounting for 31.08% of all sections;There are 12 sections with poor ecological level,accounting for 16.22% of all sections.Aiming at the goal of building a world-class ecological island,the ecological level of Chongming Island’s overall road needs to be improved.(3)Influenced by different land use types,the ecological level of roads in Chongming Island presents regional similarity characteristics,and the order of ecological level from high to low is woodland area > cultivated land area > construction land area.The forest land around the road has a higher ecological level by reducing the fragmentation degree of the road green space ecosystem and improving the air quality of the road.Farmland mainly leads to the low green visibility of roads,and the adverse impact of roads on the surrounding soil pollution is more serious.when the road is surrounded by construction land,human activities are more intensive,and the air and sound environment quality of the road are seriously affected,thus the ecological level is low.(4)The outstanding deficiencies of ecological construction of Chongming road are: single habitat type,low vernacular vegetation;poor connectivity of ecosystem,the quality of air environment and sound environment is poor in urban area,public transport is not available in remote areas.From the above five aspects,the road ecological improvement should be carried out by constructing artificial habitat,developing local vegetation resources,constructing ecological corridors,planting functional species,setting up sound insulation facilities,improving public transportation and other means.In conclusion,the ecological road evaluation index system constructed in this study is expected to provide reference and guidance for the theoretical research of ecological road and road ecological practice in the future.However,from the perspective of road life cycle,it is necessary to improve the evaluation system and method of planning,design and construction stage in the future research.