Study On The Zoning And Evaluation Of Rural Landscape In Central Henan Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

Henan is located in the central part of Henan Province,including four cities of Zhengzhou,Pingdingshan,Xuchang and Luohe.With advantageous geographical location and rich cultural resources,Henan is a key region to implement the strategy of rural revitalization.In the process of rapid urbanization,the phenomenon of "one village in a thousand" also threatens the development of rural landscape in Central Henan.Under the background of rural revitalization strategy,this paper takes the rural landscape in central Henan as the research object.Through comprehensive literature research,multidisciplinary crossover,graphic analysis and other methods,the elements of rural landscape in central Henan are illustrated,the landscape characteristics are identified and the rural landscape areas are divided.The comprehensive evaluation system of rural landscape in central Henan is constructed by combining with the theory of three-life space to evaluate the rural landscape in central Henan.Based on the zoning and evaluation of rural landscape in central Henan,this paper puts forward the development model and optimization strategy of rural landscape in central Henan.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The rural landscape in central Henan was divided into landscape areas from the aspects of natural landscape elements and human landscape elements.In terms of natural landscape elements,according to landform and land use type factors,central Henan can be divided into five rural landscape areas: the Yellow River wet area in the north,the Songshan Mountain forest area in the northwest,the Yao Mountain forest area in the southwest,the low hilly area in the south and the farming area in the east.In terms of cultural landscape elements,according to cultural heritage and cultural tourism factors,Henan can be divided into four rural cultural landscape areas: Central Plains farming culture area,traditional heritage culture area,Songshan religious culture area,Yellow River ecological culture area;Arc GIS was used to superimpose the rural natural landscape area and rural cultural landscape area in central Henan,and five natural and cultural landscape areas in central Henan were obtained: the Yellow River ecological cultural landscape area in the north,the religious cultural landscape area in the northwest mountain,the folk custom landscape area in the southwest low mountain ruins,the agricultural civilization landscape area in the eastern plain,and the agricultural culture landscape area in the south.(2)Based on the characteristics and landscape zoning of rural landscape in central Henan,combined with the theory of three-life space,a landscape function-oriented rural landscape evaluation system in central Henan was constructed through expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process.The final evaluation results were as follows: The folk custom landscape area of low mountain site in Southwest China 20.85(living landscape 8.05 > ecological landscape 7.10 >productive landscape 5.70),the Yellow River ecological culture landscape area in north China 19.82(ecological landscape 6.86 > productive landscape 6.60 > living landscape 6.36),and the religious culture landscape area in Northwest China 18.06(ecological landscape 8.04 > living landscape 7.63 > productive landscape 2.39),agricultural civilization landscape in the eastern plain 16.19(productive landscape8.79 > living landscape 4.37 > ecological landscape 3.03),and hilly farming culture landscape in the south 15.46(productive landscape 6.18 > living landscape 4.68 >ecological landscape 4.60).Results It can be seen that the northern and western rural areas of the study area have superior natural geographical conditions and good ecological and environmental benefits,and the eastern and southern rural areas have good conditions for the development of agricultural productive landscape.(3)According to the evaluation results of rural landscape,three optimization principles of protecting natural ecology,protecting regional culture and integrating landscape with industry are proposed based on the development needs of rural revitalization.Combined with the characteristics and evaluation results of rural landscape in central Henan,the optimal development mode of rural landscape is put forward: beautiful countryside-environmental protection and ecological type,cultural container-heritage protection type,idyllic leisure-agricultural tourism innovation type,comprehensive rich-development and agricultural development type.Based on the evaluation results of rural productive,living and ecological landscape in central Henan,and guided by the guidelines of rural revitalization and development strategy of "ecological livable,rural culture civilization and industrial prosperity",targeted optimization strategies are proposed,specifically as follows: The optimization of rural ecological landscape includes the ecological restoration of damaged mountain and vegetation green space,the optimization of water environment to improve regional ecology and recreational functions.The optimization of rural living landscape includes the reasonable planning and layout of settlement space,the protection and renewal of settlement buildings,the protection and inheritance of rural settlement culture;Rural productive landscape optimization includes productive integrated development,building rural characteristic agricultural industry to promote rural economic development.