Study On The Cognition Of Village Development Capability And The Construction Of Practical Village Planning Concept

The two-way flow of urban and rural resources is a key link to promote rural revitalization and sustainable development,and the development orientation of urban-rural integration provides development opportunities for the two-way flow of urban and rural elements.In order to improve the face of rural development and narrow the gap between urban and rural development,the Party and the State have made many efforts and attempts,from new rural construction,beautiful countryside construction to rural revitalization strategy,gradually clarifying the path,direction and goal of rural development,also slowly breaking the shackles of development between urban and rural areas and promoting the road of integrated development between urban and rural areas.The difference in socio-economic development between the countryside and the city has kept the countryside in a disadvantageous position for a long time,thus how to enhance the factor return capacity of the countryside is a major difficulty in the development of urban-rural integration.Rural development capacity is the basic capacity of the countryside to achieve optimal development,and its level determines the level of utilization,attraction and allocation of resource elements in the countryside.In the context of building a national spatial planning system,practical village planning is a pioneering and basic work for implementing the rural revitalization strategy.At the same time,as an important public policy tool for guiding and regulating rural construction and governance,practical village planning is also an important regulatory tool for realizing reasonable allocation of rural resources and elements and sustainable development of rural areas.In order to break through this obstacle,practical village planning in the new era should be tailored to local conditions,not to be greedy and comprehensive,and to promote the preparation of classification.Accordingly,this paper is based on the logical framework of "theoretical connotation recognition-village type orientation-planning concept innovation-differentiated strategy design".Firstly,the theoretical connotation and basic characteristics of village development capacity in the context of urban-rural integration development are drawn with the help of human-land relationship territorial system theory and spatial interaction theory,and the "push-pull theory" of demography is introduced to explore the formation mechanism of village development capacity;secondly,village development capacity is taken as the basis of village type classification,and 38 villages in Shapingba District of Chongqing are used as the case study.Based on the results of the village type classification,the planning concept of practical village planning is constructed by combining the functions to be carried by village planning in the new era and the actual development situation of the study area.Finally,the planning concept is applied to the practical village planning practice in the case villages to prove the feasibility and scientificity of the planning concept and to provide new ideas for the preparation of practical village planning in other areas.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Rural development capacity refers to the collection of various material and non-material influencing factors and their interrelationships that promote rural development,and is an important capacity to attract urban and rural factors to gather in rural areas.Rural development capacity is influenced by four key factors: location advantage,resource endowment,economic vitality and development constraints,and has the basic characteristics of locality,comprehensiveness,dynamism and complexity.Rural development capacity is a comprehensive manifestation of the interaction between two systems: the urban territorial system and the rural territorial system,and its formation is the result of the joint action of five forces: rural pull,rural thrust,urban-rural linkage,urban pull and urban thrust.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of the comprehensive development capacity of villages in Shapingba District is "centered on the urban development areas of the district,and gradually decreases toward the peripheral areas".The villages with higher values of comprehensive rural development ability are mainly located in the south and central areas,while the villages with lower scores are mainly gathered in the northern peripheral areas of Shapingba District.The southern villages are close to the regional development center,with obvious location advantages,high degree of urban-rural development integration,and greater economic development vitality,which largely compensate for the disadvantage of the shortage of background resources,and thus present good development ability.The northern center is the second core area of its town development,and the urban area is expanded with the strengthening of land acquisition,and the development advantages and development obstacles of the villages at its edge are both more obvious.(3)With the analysis method of spatial clustering and the practical needs of practical village planning,the 38 administrative villages in the study area are divided into four types: core planning area,important planning area,general planning area and basic control area.The core planning area has a superior geographical location,mostly located in the suburban integration area or township center,and has strong advantages in industrial development;the important planning area has the highest proportion among the four types of villages,and its comprehensive rural development capacity is second only to the core planning area,with distinctive regional characteristics,and is a key area for comprehensive rural revitalization;the ordinary planning area has a lower comprehensive development capacity compared with the first two types,and is more restricted by topographical conditions and ecological protection.Compared with the first two categories,ordinary planning areas have lower comprehensive development capacity and are more restricted by topographic conditions and ecological protection;basic control areas are the worst in terms of comprehensive development capacity and can be implemented as the lowest level of detail in the preparation of village planning,i.e.the implementation of land use control of higher planning as the main basis for village construction and development.(4)Practical village planning in the context of planning system reconstruction should assume the important functions of bottom-line control and protection of basic village functions,optimization and adjustment of village space,and improvement of public service supply and infrastructure layout,etc.In order to guarantee the realization of these functions,the preparation of practical village planning should integrate urban and rural development conditions and diversified needs to achieve innovation in village planning types;conform to urban and rural development trends and control requirements to achieve In order to ensure the realization of these functions,the preparation of practical village planning should realize the innovation of planning type,the innovation of planning content,the innovation of planning method by adopting advanced technology and coordinating multifaceted relationships,and the construction of local planning concept from three aspects of planning type,planning content and planning method,so as to enhance the comprehensiveness,wholeness and practicality of village planning.