Qinglong Lake Wetland Park Based On Tourists’ Preferences Study On The Social Value Of Ecosystem Services

As one of the three major ecosystems in the world,wetland is an important natural resource for human survival and development,and also an important place for people to enjoy themselves and get close to nature,with strong social value.In recent years,with the increasingly harsh urban living environment,the public demand for urban wetland parks is increasing.Scientific evaluation of the social value of ecosystem services is the premise of the rational planning and development of urban wetland parks.However,traditional evaluation methods mainly use economics and monetization methods,and their spatial heterogeneity and geographical environment factors are seriously ignored,resulting in insufficient cognition of social value and unreasonable use of environmental resources.Based on this,this paper takes Chengdu Qinglong lake wetland park as an example to conduct the following studies :(1)Evaluation of the social value of ecosystem services.Using the kernel density analysis tool to identify the "hot zone" of overall social value points;The maximum value index(M-VI)of DTW(distance from water),DTR(distance from road),ELEV(elevation),LT(landscape type),SLOPE,DTW-DTR-ELEV-LT-SLOPE comprehensive variable under six types of environmental variables was evaluated respectively by using the SolVES model.Spatial clustering analysis was carried out.The distribution and influencing factors of social value KDVI were analyzed by KDVI(value index kernel density surface)obtained from the model.(2)Impact analysis of ecosystem social value.MaxEnt model was used to calculate the AUC value and analyze the reliability.Analyze the spatial distribution diagram of four types of social values under six types of environmental variables by using the SolVES model,and explore the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of social values.Origin 2018 software,GeoDa 1.20 software and ArcGIS 10.5 zoning statistical tools were used to analyze the quantitative and spatial correlation between environmental variables and social values.Max Ent model was used to calculate the Permutation importance and contribution rate,then analyzing the Permutation importance and contribution rate of environmental variables to social value.(3)Compare the assessment differences between young and middle-aged tourists,local and non-local tourists.Finally,based on the above research results,optimization strategies are proposed from the perspective of improving social service functions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Tourists prefer the aesthetic,cultural,future and healthcare value of parks.The study finds that no matter which variable is introduced,m-VI ranking of the above values is very high,indicating that tourists prefer the above social values.Therefore,the following paper focuses on the discussion of these four types of social values,and all value types are clustering spatial distribution mode(R < 1 and highly negative Z value),which is suitable for further study.And the social value points are concentrated in the Ming Shu royal mausoleum,gentle slope lawn,Qinglongdu and other scenic spots.(2)When the SolVES model is used to evaluate urban wetland parks,LT can be added in addition to traditional environmental variables to improve the reference value of the model.The reliability test results of the model show that the LT environment variable added for the first time has high reliability for any social value.At the same time,the comprehensive variable is more reliable than the single variable,and the absence of any environment variable(except SLPOE)will reduce the simulation reliability.Therefore,when the forest model is used to evaluate urban wetland parks,environmental variables should be rationally selected according to the characteristics of the current situation,invalid variables should be eliminated,and appropriate environmental variables should be added as much as possible to improve the reliability of the model.(3)Environmental variables mainly affect the spatial distribution of social values.DTW makes the high value index of social value distributed along the water body one week;DTR makes it distributed along the center or both sides of the road;ELEV makes it distributed along the elevation contour;LT makes it distributed in patches;SLOPE has almost no influence on it;while under the comprehensive variable,DTW,DTR,ELEV and LT have a joint influence.At the same time,the specific impact varies with different social values.(4)Comprehensive analysis of the importance and contribution rate of geographical environment,rational allocation of environmental resources.DTR,DTW,ELEV and LT have different displacement importance and cumulative contribution rate to each social value,while SLOPE almost does not.Therefore,the environmental factors with low importance and contribution rate can be appropriately ignored in the future promotion of the park,and the weight of various environmental variables can be integrated to reduce the waste of resources caused by changes in geographical environmental factors.At the same time,this conclusion is mutually verified with conclusions(2)and(3).(5)DTR,DTW and ELEV were negatively correlated,but ELEV was not significantly negatively correlated.DTR,DTR and the four types of social values are negatively correlated,but ELEV has no significant correlation with them,which is related to the preference of tourists and the distribution of scenic spots.(6)Young and middle-aged tourists generally have the same assessment results,but there is a big difference in entertainment and treatment value;There was a significant difference between local and non-local tourists in the evaluation of only healthcare value.This is related to the tourist routes of different people,the distribution of park entrance,park area,recreation opportunities,visit frequency and other factors.Finally,combining with the research results,the strategy of social value promotion is put forward,and on the basis of the current situation.In conclusion,it is of great significance to evaluate the social value of ecosystem services in Qinglong Lake Wetland Park by using SolVES,explore the relationship between social value and environmental variables,and compare the evaluation differences among different groups,which is of great significance to the improvement of public environmental awareness,the scientific application of the model,and the development and planning of urban wetland park.